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Through a systematic review of global distributions, we document all 250 identified\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species across 73 vector species, 224 animals, and humans.\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia caballi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infected the broadest range of tick species, while\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited the highest prevalence in wildlife. Among 26 848 recorded human cases involving 10\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, &gt;90% were attributed to\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia duncani<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Using three machine learning algorithms, we evaluated ecological and vector\u2010associated determinants governing the distributions of six predominant\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Our models predict\n                    <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    to have the most extensive geographic range. Critically, habitat suitability index (HSI) of vector ticks emerged as the primary driver of\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    transmission risk. Enhanced awareness, diagnostic capacity, and surveillance are imperative in identified high\u2010risk regions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/5889219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T15:53:02Z","timestamp":1763999582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mapping the Global Distribution of\n                    <i>Babesia<\/i>\n                    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