{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T07:15:18Z","timestamp":1783322118252,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":185,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32273041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32273041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) is one of the major pathogens threatening the global swine industry and causes enormous economic losses annually. Vaccination remains one of the most important strategies for the prevention and control of PRRSV infection. In this study, a novel genotype 2 NADC30\u2010like PRRSV strain, designated AHFY, was isolated and characterized from eastern China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain AHFY belonged to sublineage 1.8. An attenuated strain, AHFY\u2010F140, was obtained through 140 serial passages in MARC\u2010145 cells. Genomic sequence comparison between AHFY\u2010F140 and the parental strain AHFY\u2010F1 identified two discontinuous amino acid (aa) deletions in the nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2) gene, spanning residues 355\u2013364 and 391\u2013583, which were first detected at passage 90 and persisted through passage 140. The viral titer gradually increased with passaging, rising from 10\n                    <jats:sup>4.3<\/jats:sup>\n                    TCID\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/mL for the parental strain AHFY\u2010F1 to 10\n                    <jats:sup>8.7<\/jats:sup>\n                    TCID\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/mL for AHFY\u2010F140. A pathogenicity evaluation was conducted in 4\u2010week\u2010old PRRSV\u2010free New American Line piglets using AHFY\u2010F1 and AHFY\u2010F140. Piglets inoculated with AHFY\u2010F1 developed persistent fever and obvious respiratory clinical signs, accompanied by severe and typical histopathological lung lesions. In contrast, piglets inoculated with AHFY\u2010F140 showed no fever or other clinical signs. PRRSV\u2010specific antibodies became positive at 11 days postinoculation (dpi) in AHFY\u2010F140\u2010inoculated piglets, which was later than the 7 dpi observed in AHFY\u2010F1\u2010inoculated piglets. Furthermore, immunization with AHFY\u2010F140 provided robust protection against subsequent challenge with either the parental strain AHFY\u2010F1 or the highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP\u2010PRRSV) strain JXA1 (lineage 8). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the attenuated strain AHFY\u2010F140 represents a promising vaccine candidate against both NADC30\u2010like and JXA1\u2010like PRRSV infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/5955745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T06:39:42Z","timestamp":1783319982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Novel Attenuated NADC30\u2010Like PRRSV Vaccine Candidate Provides Cross\u2010Protection Against Homologous and Heterologous Viral Challenge"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3757-6762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1772-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiakai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1798-5139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9206-415X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1351-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianyi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7509-9046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5191-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingru","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4593-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8993-7494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2943-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yani","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02916-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2015.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-83-8-1861"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071528"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(92)90046-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-017-0910-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000526"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1207189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-4080-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.812040"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-2-307"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050480","article-title":"Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Immune Escape and Application of Reverse Genetics in Attenuated Live Vaccine Development","volume":"9","author":"Wang H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47239-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01821-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00636-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01436-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01689-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virs.2022.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1054651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12638"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-023-02161-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12702"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2014.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Sampling Variation of the Fifty Percent End-Point, Determined by the Reed-Muench (Behrens) Method","volume":"22","author":"Pizzi M.","year":"1950","journal-title":"Human Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004216"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01319-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.9.4241-4250.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-008-0098-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2112.150360"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874357901711010059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2022.109397"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-016-2883-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01446-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108384"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.149888"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-3336-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050752"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2025.2451754"}],"container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tbed\/5955745","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/tbed\/5955745","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tbed\/5955745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T06:39:44Z","timestamp":1783319984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/tbed\/5955745"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nan-hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/tbed\/5955745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/tbed\/5955745","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1674","1865-1682"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-1674","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-1682","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5955745"}}