{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T11:00:31Z","timestamp":1785150031179,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":207,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFE0199100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0199100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"\n There is currently no highly sensitive and specific serological detection method for\n Spirometra mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n infection, nor is there a rapid test strip available for onsite diagnosis. Therefore, in this study, an indirect enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent essay (ELISA) method suitable for detecting\n S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n was developed, and a colour microsphere test strip based on pyruvate kinase (PK) recombinant protein (r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK) was developed. First, the excretory\u2013secretory (ES) protein (ESP) of the plerocercoid was collected as the coating antigen to establish an ELISA method (\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n ES\u2010ELISA). Moreover, PK was screened as the target antigen, and an ELISA based on r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK (r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK\u2010ELISA) was performed. Finally, r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK was labelled with NHS\u2010biotin, and NHS\u2010biotin\u2010r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK was linked to coloured microspheres containing streptavidin (SA), successfully establishing a colour microsphere detection test strip. The optimal reaction conditions for\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n ES\u2010ELISA and r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK\u2010ELISA were screened by systematically optimising conditions such as the coating concentration, serum dilution, blocking conditions and dilution of the enzyme\u2010labelled secondary antibody. Sensitivity testing revealed that\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n ES\u2010ELISA and r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK\u2010ELISA still had good sensitivity at dilutions of 25,600 and 800 times, respectively. Specific detection was conducted using eight parasites that may be coinfected with\n S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n , and the results showed that\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n ES\u2010ELISA did not exhibit cross\u2010reactivity, whereas r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK\u2010ELISA only showed weak cross\u2010reactivity with\n Clonorchis sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n . The colour microsphere detection test strip based on r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK had good sensitivity but weak cross\u2010reactivity with\n Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n C. sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Schistosoma japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n . However, in actual testing, there have been no reports of hosts simultaneously infected with these four parasites or even co\u2010infected with any two parasites. Therefore, the detection test strip constructed in this study still has high application value.\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n ES\u2010ELISA and r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK\u2010ELISA compensate for the shortcomings of serological diagnostic methods for\n S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n infection. Moreover, the colour microsphere detection test strip based on r\n Sm<\/jats:italic>\n PK provides the possibility for large\u2010scale epidemiological investigations.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/6256555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T10:14:31Z","timestamp":1785147271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of an Indirect ELISA and a Microsphere Detection Test Strip for the Detection of\n Spirometra mansoni<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng 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