{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:48:46Z","timestamp":1782402526393,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":175,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["773830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["773830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hepatitis E is a zoonotic infection related to consumption of virus\u2010containing food of pig origin. Pigs are a natural reservoir of hepatitis E virus (HEV), and infected animals can enter the food chain. The study evaluated the prevalence of HEV infections in pigs raised on 30 commercial pig farms in Poland. Six hundred pooled samples of pig faeces were collected from fatteners (440), gilts (69) and dry sows (91). For HEV detection a one\u2010step real\u2010time reverse\u2010transcription PCR (real\u2010time RT\u2010PCR) method with an incorporated target\u2010specific internal amplification control was used. Subtype identification of the detected HEV strains was based on amplification and phylogenetic analysis of the open reading frame (ORF) 2 region in the virus genome. Viral RNA was detected in 161 (26.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.3\u201330.6) samples of pooled pig faeces. Fattener pigs were by far the most prevalently infected (35.9%; 95% CI: 31.4\u201340.6; odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u200918.7, 95% CI: 4.9\u2013159.6), and gilts were markedly less so (2.9%; 95% CI: 0.3\u201310.1; OR\u2009=\u20090.05, 95% CI: 0.006\u20130.20). HEV\u2010positive pigs were raised on fattening units (OR\u2009=\u20091.6, 95% CI: 1.1\u20132.4) and farrow\u2010to\u2010finish farms (OR\u2009=\u20090.6, 95% CI: 0.4\u20130.9) without any differences in prevalence of infections associated with farm type (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.4,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.121). Phylogenetic analysis of the detected pig HEV strains affiliated them to the HEV\u20103c, 3i, 3e and 3f subtypes. Strains of the HEV\u20103i subtype dominated on farrow\u2010to\u2010finish farms (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200933.4,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), while 3f strains did so on fattening farms (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200919.1,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). The results evidence HEV mainly being prevalent in fattening pigs at the age of 5\u20136 months. Virus presence in these animals could pose a food\u2010related risk of HEV infection when they reach slaughter age.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/7140750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:19:31Z","timestamp":1782400771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Pigs in Poland: An Assessment of the Prevalence on Commercial Swine Farms"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2002-7561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Kozyra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Joniec-Wiechetek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2039-9384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"\u017bmudzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6301-1143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Rze\u017cutka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90200-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)92045-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000149370"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.18.9860"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9100856"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v8100270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12550"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2021.100304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2017.4886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-5-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2014.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-021-00189-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-190"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2024.110256"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-02936-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02990"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109830"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020277"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12834\/VetIt.2341.14461.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12050673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1136225"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jvetres-2016-0057"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2806835","article-title":"Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Strains from Pigs Farmed in Eight European Countries Between 2020 and 2022","volume":"2023","author":"De Sabato L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12560-021-09475-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108507"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13061176"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","unstructured":"Statistics Poland(GUS) Analytical Platform - 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