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Thus, in this study, we adopted an integrated approach of bacteriology and whole\u2010genome sequencing (WGS) to genetically characterize\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from sheep, yak, and cattle in Qinghai, China. Conventional biotyping assays and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) show that the three strains were conclusively identified as\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    biovar 1, sequence type 2 (ST2). Furthermore, average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis indicated that the three strains (BA0611, BAHYS, and BAQHM) showed ANI values above 99.99% and over 99.91% identity with the\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    reference strain, confirming their species assignment. The three\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates BA0611, BAHYS, and BAQHM exhibited identical virulence gene profiles, harboring 69 virulence\u2010related genes altogether and uniformly lacking three crucial virulence\u2010associated genes, namely\n                    <jats:italic>bmaA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>btpB<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>virB10<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Core\u2010genome SNP phylogenetic analysis revealed close genetic relatedness to Tibetan strain XZ19\u20101 and Russian isolates, distinguishing them from previously identified local human and marmot strains. The high genetic similarity observed among the three strains indicates a common source of infection, supporting the classification of these cases as a cluster infection. These data together confirm the prevalence of genetically divergent\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages within the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau, which enriches current insights into the host spectrum and genomic diversity of this zoonotic pathogen in the region. These findings provide robust support for optimizing local genomic surveillance and formulating precise prevention and control strategies to reduce brucellosis prevalence in both animal and human populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/7831968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T09:19:12Z","timestamp":1780651152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identification and Genome Phylogenetic Analysis of Three\n                    <i>Brucella abortus<\/i>\n                    Strains From Sheep, Yak, and Cow in Qinghai, China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Xiaoan","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1036-1320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuju","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-0511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youjun","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6914-9825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010404"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2909.230052"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2023.2290839"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.66585\/ohmi.2025.1.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-023-03605-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","volume-title":"Epidemiological Evolution Profile of Human Brucellosis and Socioeconomic Factor Correlation Analysis","author":"Zhiguo L.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.151710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-016-0123-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","first-page":"130","volume-title":"Epidemiological and Spatiotemporal Clustering Analysis of Human Brucellosis","author":"Zhiguo L.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1233686"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9726-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S436950"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00311-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867328666201231121226"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.2.477-478.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.11.2660-2666.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Laboratory Techniques in Brucellosis","volume":"55","author":"Alton G. 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