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With the rapid expansion of sika and red deer farming in China, reports of deer brucellosis have increased. We searched CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, and ScienceDirect and conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis, including 47 studies published from January 1978 to September 2025 (54,699 samples). The pooled seroprevalence was 16.3% (95% CI: 10.9\u201322.4), with substantial heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses suggested an overall increase after 2000 and higher estimates in major deer\u2010farming areas of northern China. Seroprevalence tended to be higher in red deer than in sika deer, in adults than in subadults and juveniles, and in females than in males, and was also higher during summer and autumn. Method\u2010stratified subgroup meta\u2010regression did not detect statistically significant differences across diagnostic methods (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05); method\u2010based comparisons should be interpreted cautiously. In light of these findings, our study suggests strengthening deer surveillance systems, further standardizing diagnostic and reporting procedures, and implementing targeted control measures tailored to regional risk levels to reduce economic losses for farmers and lower infection in deer herds as well as the potential risk of zoonotic transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/9727215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T08:26:14Z","timestamp":1779265574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of Brucellosis Among Deer in China From 1978 to 2025: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2348-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Tao","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2845-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-Yu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6032-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiu-Chi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1390-0806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3917-9746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5987-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0007-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7729-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8453-2116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9703-3575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Brucellosis 2020 July 29https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/brucellosis."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention About Brucellosis 2024 May 2https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brucellosis\/about\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2909.230052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001865"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008686.2018.1500846"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization One Health Joint Plan of Action (2022\u20132026): Working Together for the Health of Humans Animals Plants and the Environment 2022 October 14https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240059139."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2020.1868616"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/ijm\/9941176","article-title":"Molecular Detection of Brucella Species Causing Abortion Outbreaks in Ruminant Livestock in Tunisia","volume":"2025","author":"Abdallah I. 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