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Over the past decade the tempo of these spillovers has increased, propelled by land\u2010use change, agricultural intensification, wildlife trade, and climate change, while reverse zoonosis\u2014the transmission of human pathogens back into animal populations\u2014has created novel animal reservoirs capable of seeding future outbreaks. Against this backdrop, we systematically reviewed and meta\u2010analyzed epidemiological evidence on emerging viral zoonoses from January 2016 through June 2026, searching five bibliographic databases and synthesizing 312 included studies. Annual high\u2010consequence spillover events increased by 4.98% (95% CI 3.22%\u20136.76%), and the decade saw five Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) declarations, alongside other high\u2010consequence spillovers such as the 2026 Bundibugyo virus outbreak (case fatality rate [CFR] 30.9%) and the expansion of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza into dairy cattle. Bat\u2010origin viruses exhibited the highest pooled CFR (29.86%), whereas primate\u2010origin viruses demonstrated greater transmissibility, supporting a virulence\u2013transmissibility trade\u2010off. Land\u2010use change emerged as the dominant anthropogenic driver, increasing zoonotic host diversity by 18%\u201372%. White\u2010tailed deer SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 seroprevalence reached 32.7% (95% CI 21.4%\u201346.1%), with confirmed deer\u2010to\u2010human spillback. Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) collectively reduced the effective reproduction number by up to 82%, and prevention\u2010oriented One Health strategies yielded returns exceeding 1100% on investment. Viral zoonoses are accelerating under anthropogenic pressure, and upstream prevention with integrated One Health surveillance represents the most cost\u2010effective pandemic preparedness strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/9884191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:52:37Z","timestamp":1790747557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Emerging Viral Zoonotic Diseases, 2016\u20132026"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1743-8258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pan","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering  Guangzhou 510225 Guangdong China  zhku.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8334-7614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-an","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering  Guangzhou 510225 Guangdong China  zhku.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8821-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering  Guangzhou 510225 Guangdong China  zhku.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3813-0500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering  Guangzhou 510225 Guangdong China  zhku.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8731-4528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering  Guangzhou 510225 Guangdong China  zhku.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0888"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2212.160123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050997"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14830"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2019.2736"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0296"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5452.443"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61678-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61684-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00923-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.0950"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0355"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/zoonoticdis5040035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","volume-title":"International Health Regulations 2005. 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