{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:31:56Z","timestamp":1790202716069,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Translational Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Football requires high levels of neuromuscular conditioning to meet the demands of explosive actions such as sprinting, cutting, and kicking, while minimizing the risk of lower limb injuries\u2014especially hamstring strains linked to muscle imbalances. Single\u2010leg cycling (SLC), a form of unilateral training, may offer superior neuromuscular adaptations compared to traditional double\u2010leg cycling (DLC). This study aimed to compare the effects of SLC and DLC on lower limb strength, anaerobic power, fatigue resistance, agility, and sprint performance in competitive football players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A four\u2010week, assessor\u2010blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 42 male football players (aged 18\u201326), allocated equally to SLC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921) and DLC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921) groups. Both groups underwent biweekly cycling sessions. Pre\u2010 and postintervention assessments included isokinetic peak torque of knee flexors and extensors, hamstring\u2010to\u2010quadriceps (H\/Q) ratio, peak and minimum power, fatigue index (RAST), 20\u2010m zig\u2010zag agility test, and 30\u2010m Sprint Test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups showed significant improvements in anaerobic performance metrics (peak and minimum power,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). However, SLC yielded significantly higher gains in knee flexor peak torque (\u0394\u2009+\u200946.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and H\/Q ratio (\u0394\u2009+\u200930.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02), indicating superior hamstring activation and improved muscle balance. Fatigue index significantly decreased only in the SLC group (\u0394\u2009\u2212\u20097.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04), reflecting enhanced anaerobic endurance. SLC also resulted in greater improvements in agility (\u0394\u2009\u2212\u20095.9%) and sprint performance (\u0394\u2009\u2212\u20098.1%) compared to DLC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), suggesting improved neuromuscular coordination and explosive capability. Knee extensor torque increased modestly in both groups, with no significant between\u2010group difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.46).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SLC training offers superior benefits over DLC in improving lower limb strength balance, fatigue resistance, agility, and sprinting in football players. It may serve as a targeted conditioning strategy to enhance performance and reduce injury risk in sport\u2010specific contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Clinical Trials Registry\u2013India (CTRI): CTRI\/2023\/06\/053941\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T12:30:36Z","timestamp":1772973036000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing Neuromuscular Conditioning in Football Players Through Single\u2010Leg and Double\u2010Leg Cycling: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5932-5625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitin","family":"Chahal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8424-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moattar Raza","family":"Rizvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8742-381X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4088-8230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shishir","family":"Nigam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7948-1190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waqas","family":"Sami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200535060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316764"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410400021278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/hukin-2017-0104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318291b8c7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/IJSPP.2015-0405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1105772"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31818cc5f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","volume-title":"Single-Leg Cycling: A New Training Paradigm for Improved Bilateral Cycling Performance?","author":"Turner R. E. F.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1013-7025(00)18002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.8012628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0479-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","unstructured":"LathamK. B. The Effects of the Repetitive Use of a Position-Specific Loading Pattern on Lower Limb Asymmetry in NFL Offensive Tackles 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app142311295"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01247.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.7.2.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31827367ba"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1555935"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18376\/\/2014\/v10i2\/67138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-2008-0301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk8020070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26773\/smj.221006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of the 30-m Running Speed Test Results in Soccer Players in Third Soccer Leagues","volume":"3","author":"Drozd M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Kinesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1128250"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001813"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2019.1617789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2455-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19127471"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk2030032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-022-04898-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2022.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2021.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00571548"}],"container-title":["Translational Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:42:58Z","timestamp":1778654578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Katja","family":"Mjosund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/tsm2\/5535929","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-8488","2573-8488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-8488","type":"print"},{"value":"2573-8488","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5535929"}}