{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T06:48:58Z","timestamp":1791787738456,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":283,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Translational Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Expertise in high\u2010stakes occupations is typically evaluated through performance outcomes, potentially neglecting physiological efficiency\u2014a dimension critical for career longevity in physically demanding work. In this pilot study, we investigated whether expert firefighters achieve comparable task performance with lower cardiovascular activation and faster autonomic recovery than novices during realistic search\u2010and\u2010rescue operations. Twenty\u2010two male firefighters completed navigation tasks in a high\u2010fidelity training facility under operational conditions (complete darkness, full protective equipment). Using a 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 quasi\u2010experimental design, we manipulated navigation strategies (route\u2010based vs. survey\u2010based) and continuously recorded heart rate variability across baseline, execution, and recovery periods. Our preliminary data suggest that behavioral outcomes and physiological responses may be largely decoupled in this context. Experts and novices demonstrated equivalent task completion times and accuracy. However, experts exhibited substantially lower heart rate elevation during tasks and 46% greater parasympathetic recovery post\u2010task. Critically, an expertise\u2010by\u2010strategy interaction suggested that experts\u2019 efficiency advantages were magnified when employing route\u2010based strategies aligned with training protocols, whereas novices showed no strategy\u2010dependent differences. These findings provide preliminary evidence that physiological efficiency represents a distinct expertise component, suggesting that identical overt performance can mask vastly different internal costs. Heart rate variability monitoring may therefore serve as a useful exploratory tool to help identify individuals requiring additional skill consolidation or recovery support before overt performance degrades.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tsm2\/5788863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T06:36:35Z","timestamp":1791786995000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiac Efficiency as a Potential Marker of Firefighter Expertise: A Pilot Study of Heart Rate Variability Monitoring in Realistic Search\u2010and\u2010Rescue Training"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9871-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM)  Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM)  Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoxiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM)  Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management (MEM)  Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Service Support Detachment Shanghai Fire and Rescue Corps  Shanghai 200336 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Service Support Detachment Shanghai Fire and Rescue Corps  Shanghai 200336 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training and Service Support Detachment Shanghai Fire and Rescue Corps  Shanghai 200336 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511816796.002","volume-title":"The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance","author":"Chi M. 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