{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:58:35Z","timestamp":1785239915243,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":208,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The pharmacological properties of\n                    <jats:italic>Annona reticulata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Linn. (\n                    <jats:italic>Annonaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) leaves, as reported by some tribal tribes, were investigated in this study. The antidiabetic and liver\u2010renal protective potentials of methanolic leaf fraction and its combination with glibenclamide were evaluated in rats having alloxan\u2010induced diabetes at doses of 200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg body weight; demonstrated notable antidiabetic potential which was dose\u2010dependent. Following 21 days course of treatment, methanol leaf fraction (400\u2009mg\/kg) and combination of extract (200\u2009mg\/kg) along with glibenclamide (2.5\u2009mg\/kg) exhibited fasting blood glucose levels of 5.25 \u00b1 0.06\u2009mmol\/L and 6.02 \u00b1 0.07\u2009mmol\/L; whereas standard drug glibenclamide (5\u2009mg\/kg) showed fasting blood glucose level of 5.91 \u00b1 0.09\u2009mmol\/L. Furthermore, the diabetic rats in extract group (400\u2009mg\/kg dosage) and in combination group showed body weight reduction values of 14.67 and 16.5\u2009gm; which was lower than the value obtained group of rats treated with glibenclamide alone (21.83\u2009gm). Additionally, the extract and its combination with glibenclamide were found to have significant protective impacts on the kidney and liver (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and to aid in the maintenance of lipid profile even in the presence of diabetes; these effects were comparable with the outcomes obtained from standard drug. Although diabetic rats demonstrated elevated liver and kidney markers levels, the groups of mice treated with methanolic leaf extract at both 200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg dosages exhibited notable maintenance of both liver and kidney markers levels. Furthermore, combination of methanol extract and glibenclamide showed serum ALT, AST, bilirubin and creatinine, BUN values of 15.20 \u00b1 1.58\u2009IU\/L, 10.73 \u00b1 0.45\u2009IU\/L, 3.60 \u00b1 0.22\n                    <jats:italic>\u2009\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    mol\/L; and 0.73 \u00b1 0.03\u2009mg\/dL, 18.13 \u00b1 2.13\u2009mg\/dL (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001); which were markedly lower than the values obtained from diabetic control rats. Moreover, both methanolic leaf extract and standard drug glibenclamide as well as their combination exhibited beneficial effect in the maintenance of serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels. Methanolic extract at 400\u2009mg\/kg dosage and the combination demonstrated serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL values of 84.33 \u00b1 3.00\u2009mg\/dL, 62.32 \u00b1 3.13\u2009mg\/dL, 42.67 \u00b1 3.01\u2009mg\/dL, 37.43 \u00b1 6.47\u2009mg\/dL; and 80.43 \u00b1 3.53\u2009mg\/dL, 65.20 \u00b1 6.29\u2009mg\/dL, 44.50 \u00b1 2.88\u2009mg\/dL, 43.52 \u00b1 3.33\u2009mg\/dL (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), respectively. Additionally, the extract\u2032s potential components that may have played crucial roles in achieving these bioactivities were identified using the reports from the GC\u2010MS analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tswj\/2052797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:03:56Z","timestamp":1785236636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antidiabetic and Hepatorenal Protective Effects of\n                    <i>Annona reticulata<\/i>\n                    Linn. Leaf Extract Alone and in Combination With Glibenclamide in Alloxan\u2010Induced Diabetic Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2104-2579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasnia Binte Bari","family":"Kabbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahim Shahrier","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Sohel","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8779-9550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pritesh Ranjan","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9872.1000222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9029892"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"570","article-title":"GC-MS Analysis of Phytocomponents in the Methanolic Extract of Justicia wynaadensis (Nees) T Anders","volume":"3","author":"Ponnamma S. U.","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"369","article-title":"Plants Having Potential Antidiabetic Activity: A Review","volume":"2","author":"Chauhan A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Der Pharmacia Lettre"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants","volume":"67","author":"Malviya N.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","article-title":"A Review on Hepatoprotective Activity of Medicinal Plants","volume":"2","author":"Kumar C. H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences And Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11060818"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5586\/asbp.2012.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/sci5\/5166065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Acute Toxicity and Oral Glucosetolerance Test of Ethanol and Methanol Extracts of Antihyperglycaemic Plant Cassia alata Linn","volume":"9","author":"Priyadarshini L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy and Biologycal Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/tswj\/4535663"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17812\/ajsmr2015111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","first-page":"1525","article-title":"Evalution of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanol Extract of Digera muricata (L) Mart in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats","volume":"2","author":"Jagatha G.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2019.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","first-page":"9007","article-title":"Anti-Diabetic Activity of Acanthus ilicifolius Root Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats","volume":"3","author":"Venkataiah G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prenap.2025.100470"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-91740-7.00009-8","volume-title":"Essential oils","author":"Saeed F.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8243215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2021.1894751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52679\/tabcj.2023.0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf903573g"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1353507"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5530\/ijpi.2019.2.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","first-page":"133","article-title":"Estimation of the Normal Range of Blood Glucose in Rats","volume":"39","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Hygiene Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2017.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","first-page":"152","article-title":"Effect of Nigella sativa on the Kidney Function in Rats","volume":"3","author":"Dollah M. A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-1693-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-011-1372-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medici.2018.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33808\/clinexphealthsci.797747"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"An Assessment of Anti-Diabetic Effect of Gymnemasylvestre in Alloxan-Induced Rat Model","volume":"7","author":"Mandal S. K.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Research Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2210315510999200511132940"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00716"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","first-page":"56","article-title":"Anti-Hyperglycemic Annona reticulata L Leaves on Experimental Diabetic Rat Model","volume":"6","author":"Rout S. P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Journal of a Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65769-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaim.2021.01.010"}],"container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tswj\/2052797","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/tswj\/2052797","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/tswj\/2052797","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:03:59Z","timestamp":1785236639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/tswj\/2052797"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Deepali","family":"Deepali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/tswj\/2052797"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/tswj\/2052797","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2356-6140","1537-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2356-6140","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2052797"}}