{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:51:19Z","timestamp":1791183079486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":276,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023918","name":"Sokoine University of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a taeniid cestode of public health concern with a cosmopolitan distribution that can be transmitted between animals and humans. Cystic echinococcosis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is among the neglected zoonotic tropical diseases highlighted by the World Health Organization, aiming to diminish the disease burden by 2030. Dogs are the definitive hosts of\n                    <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and play a key role in maintaining transmission cycles. Current data on the epidemiology of\n                    <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in dogs are limited in Tanzania, particularly in the Kilosa District. We conducted a cross\u2010sectional study between October and December 2025 involving 204 owned dogs in six wards of the Kilosa District. We collected dog fecal samples into a clean Falcon tube (15\u2009mL) and analyzed them by screening with copro\u2010antigen enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed them by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequencing and BLAST search in GenBank. The overall copro\u2010prevalence of canine infection was 8.8% (18\/204; 95% CI\u2009=\u20095.6\u201313.6) based on the copro\u2010antigen ELISA. Further PCR analysis of the 18 ELISA\u2010positive samples yielded a copro\u2010PCR prevalence of 16.7% (3\/18; 95% CI\u2009=\u20095.8\u201339.2). Sequencing and BLAST analysis revealed a complete sequence match with\n                    <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    clone JKL.4 repeat region (Accession number: KR347168.1) from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Only deworming status was a significant predictor of canine infection, with dewormed dogs being 0.321 times (95% CI: 0.114\u20130.909;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.03) less likely to have an infection than undewormed dogs. This is the first report of the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>E. granulosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection among owned dogs in the Kilosa District. There is a need for the One Health approach in controlling the disease and educating the public on proper protective measures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/vmi\/5116208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:59:35Z","timestamp":1791179975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occurrence of\n                    <i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i>\n                    Infection Among Owned Dogs in Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania: A Copro\u2010Antigen ELISA and PCR Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3322-6135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica Emanuel","family":"Masawe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Sokoine University of Agriculture  P.O. Box 3021 Morogoro Tanzania  suanet.ac.tz"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi  P.O. Box 29053-00625 Kangemi Nairobi Kenya  uonbi.ac.ke"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9825-0929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tequeiro Okumu","family":"Abuom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi  P.O. Box 29053-00625 Kangemi Nairobi Kenya  uonbi.ac.ke"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5448-4800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon Nthenya","family":"Mbindyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi  P.O. Box 29053-00625 Kangemi Nairobi Kenya  uonbi.ac.ke"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5517-1769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esron Daniel","family":"Karimuribo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Sokoine University of Agriculture  P.O. Box 3021 Morogoro Tanzania  suanet.ac.tz"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05197-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14469"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-06993-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","volume-title":"Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases: First WHO Report on Neglected Tropical Diseases","author":"WHO","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed9040087"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Echinococcus Infection: the Effects of Echinococcosis on Public Health and Economy","volume":"2","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"IJVAR"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.18518"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002249"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05474-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13571"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485906X118503"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","article-title":"Prevalence of Echinococcosis in Dogs and Wild Carnivores in Selected Serengeti Ecosystem Areas of Tanzania","volume":"28","author":"Ernest E.","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJOL"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003090"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003934"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-015-0943-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8060101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118202300046X"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4206\/ajvs.553.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ajmb.2025.151006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_2","volume-title":"Ending the Neglect to Attain the Sustainable Development Goals: A Road Map for Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021-2030","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58721\/eajhss.v4i2.1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/enrr.v7n1p82"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0860-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42522-026-00205-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118280249","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiology","author":"Thrusfield M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387","volume-title":"Applied Logistic Regression","author":"Hosmer D. 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