{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:23:21Z","timestamp":1790310201338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,16]],"date-time":"2025-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland tissue that is generally associated with an infection.\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a primary pathogen responsible for bovine mastitis worldwide. Nonetheless, there is limited information on virulence factors and resistance profile of\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    associated with bovine mastitis in northwestern Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the frequency of virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dairy cows with mastitis. A cross\u2010sectional study with a simple random sampling method was conducted from October 2022 to June 2023 in Chagni town, Amhara region from a ranch and 20 smallholder farms.\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was isolated and identified using standard bacteriological and molecular methods, followed by antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolates. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the study results. Of 140 milk samples tested, 64 (45.7%) were positive for\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Enterotoxins (\n                    <jats:italic>seb<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913 [20.3%],\n                    <jats:italic>sec<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911 [17.2%],\n                    <jats:italic>seh<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099 [14.1%], and\n                    <jats:italic>see<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096 [9.4%]), Panton\u2013Valentine leukocidin (\n                    <jats:italic>pvl<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911 [17.2%]), toxic shock syndrome toxin (\n                    <jats:italic>tst<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097 [10.9%]), and alpha\u2010hemolysin (\n                    <jats:italic>hlb<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097 [10.9%]) were the prominent virulence genes. The isolates exhibited high antimicrobial sensitivity to sulfamethoxazole (87.5%) and gentamycin (79.7%), followed by tetracycline (75%), erythromycin (72%), and azithromycin (71.8%). However, they were highly resistant to cefoxitin (65.6%), followed by erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin (25%). Multidrug resistance was also observed in 23 isolates, which showed resistance to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. Our research identified a significant presence of virulent genes and antibiotic\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    responsible for mastitis, underscoring the critical necessity for enhanced specific mastitis control strategies against\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the study setting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/vmi\/6473601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,16]],"date-time":"2025-02-16T23:18:37Z","timestamp":1739747917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Detection of Virulence Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Isolates From Bovine Mastitis in Chagni, Northwestern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Wodaje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1951-2562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mequanint Addisu","family":"Belete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6657-4715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashenafi Syoum","family":"Menkir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5675-4608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zemenu Birhan","family":"Zegeye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2479-4653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanuel Bizuayehu","family":"Yihunie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","unstructured":"AhmedM. A. M. EhuiS. andAssefaY. Dairy Development in Ethiopia EPTD Discussion Paper No. 123 Dairy Development in Ethiopia 2004 1\u201350."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cows in","volume":"3","author":"Biffa D.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2022.141811"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/533591"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","first-page":"38","article-title":"The Effect of Sampling Time and Sample Handling on the Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Milk From Quarters with Subclinical Mastitis","volume":"43","author":"Godden S. M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10060386"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-66.4.700"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70243-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060614-034516"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Mastitis Control in Dairy Animals","volume":"29","author":"Sharif A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Agriculture and Social Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00965-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2019.32.103.15743"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiology","author":"Thrusfield M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2010.2912.2917"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2004.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2022.100992"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4581.2006.00047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01446"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12364"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15373"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.3.426-430.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028276"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-015-0490-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1032-1035.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.631-641.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","unstructured":"CLSI Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2010.01353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22192\/ijarbs.2018.05.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_2","first-page":"77","article-title":"Incidence of Dairy Cow Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Sodo Town and its Surroundings, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia","volume":"50","author":"Asmare A. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Slovak J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3063185"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ijast.20180201.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5829\/idosi.gv.2013.10.6.7349"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR2013.6483"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/ajmr2017.8529"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.11.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-43-221"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-016-0905-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12131680"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013729626377"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S295257"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-03122-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13213-021-01639-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2023.100656"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.58542"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/pamj.v8i1.71050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)74988-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21502\/limuj.010.02.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.8.3449-3455.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(07)71604-1"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/vmi\/6473601","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/vmi\/6473601","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/vmi\/6473601","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:18:05Z","timestamp":1772957885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/vmi\/6473601"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nora","family":"Mestorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/vmi\/6473601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/vmi\/6473601","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-8113","2042-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-8113","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"6473601"}}