{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:21:01Z","timestamp":1791408061391,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":191,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Soil\u2010transmitted helminthiases (STHs) in stray dogs and cats, including hookworm infection, strongyloidiasis, and toxocariasis, are prevalent globally. The lack of STH control in these stray animals leads to an increased prevalence of STHs in southern Thailand. Suddenly, the El Ni\u00f1o 2014\u20132016 induced a 14\u2010month\u2010long drought. We thus aimed to compare the prevalence of STHs in stray cats in artificial wet sandy soil (unaffected area) and dry sandy soil (affected area) before and after drought. Furthermore, we also observed the prevalence of STHs in stray dogs in another study area before and after drought.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparative study was conducted on 77 stray cats, 17 in the unaffected area and 60 in the affected area. Stools were collected before (2014) and after the drought (2016 and 2020). In study area 2, the respective 122 and 131 stools were collected from stray dogs before (2014) and after the drought (2020). STHs were detected using a modified formalin\u2010ether concentration technique, agar plate culture, and 1:20 water\u2010diluted stool suspension. Rainfall and rainy\u2010day data, serving as drought indicators, were retrieved from the two nearest local meteorological stations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In stray cats, the prevalence of STHs in the unaffected area remained unchanged pre\u2010 and postdrought. In the affected area, the prevalence of hookworm infection, but not strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis, decreased after drought. However, over time, the unchanged prevalence of strongyloidiasis in 2016 decreased in 2020 compared to that in 2014. Furthermore, the prevalence of hookworm infection in stray dogs in study area 2 decreased after the drought, while eliminating strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis. Notably, the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>Spirometra<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. infection in stray dogs and in cats in the unaffected area remained unchanged.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>El Ni\u00f1o 2014\u20132016\u2010induced drought, one of the climatic factors, demonstrates the significant impact of climatic factors on STH transmission in stray animal populations where anthelmintic treatment is not applied, highlighting the need to integrate climate forecasting into future control strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/vmi\/9294504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T12:28:27Z","timestamp":1783772907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of the 2014\u20132016 El Ni\u00f1o on Geohelminth Control in Stray Dogs and Cats Without Anthelmintic 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