{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:18:36Z","timestamp":1767651516508,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is endemic in Europe and other parts of the world and represents an underestimated and underdiagnosed cause of abortion and economic losses for livestock farms. In the present study, we evaluated SBV\u2019s impact on three ruminant farms, in particular, two dairy cattle farms with reproductive problems (including abortions, stillbirths, and malformations) and a clinically healthy buffalo farm involved in oocyte collection through ovum pick\u2010up (OPU) for in vitro embryo production and commercial sale. All sampled animals were subjected to serological assays against the main infectious agents responsible for reproductive disorders in ruminants: SBV, bluetongue virus (BTV),\n                    <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV\u20101), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). The first herd with reproductive disorders had a high (78%) seroprevalence for SBV (considered to be the cause of reproductive problems), while the prevalence observed for BTV was modest (16.7%). Although free from\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the second dairy farm had only a few animals that were seropositive for\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and BTV (1\/22 and 2\/22, respectively), but a prevalence of 72.7% for SBV. The buffalo farm had several animals seropositive for\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (9\/52), BTV (10\/52), and SBV (12\/52). Almost half of the sampled animals were exposed to at least one pathogen (26\/52). Seropositive animals were excluded from oocyte collection in compliance with regulatory health requirements. One month later, seronegative animals were retested, revealing the seroconversion of another animal for SBV, which was also excluded. This study has described, through seroprevalence testing, the direct impact of SBV on livestock (clinical impact) and how it affects the selection of animals for the trade of genetic material (indirect impact).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/vmi\/9979035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T21:21:29Z","timestamp":1767648089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Significant Impact of Schmallenberg Virus in Three Ruminant Farms: A Laboratory Experience"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Guccione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Longobardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Alterisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ugo","family":"Pagnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5837-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-019-0147-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2017.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-017-1433-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","article-title":"More Than a Decade of Research on Schmallenberg Virus\u2014Knowns and Unknowns","author":"Wernike K.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances in Virus Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110609"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-44-31"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-013-0449-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13592"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1371495"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12685"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12552"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12655"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","first-page":"2188","article-title":"Schmallenberg Virus in Poland Endemic or Re-Emerging?","volume":"68","author":"K\u0119sik-Maliszewska J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"A Six-Year Serosurvey Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/004.2020.00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","volume-title":"Integration of Production and Financial Models to Analyse the Financial Impact of Livestock Diseases: A Case Study of Schmallenberg Virus Disease on British and French Dairy Farms","author":"H\u00e4sler B.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vetreco-2014-000036"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","first-page":"265","article-title":"Economic Assessment of an Emerging Disease: The Case of Schmallenberg Virus in France OIE Revue Scientifique","volume":"36","author":"Waret-Szkuta A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technique"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-023-03666-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-023-10215-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-020-00172-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11111065"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","first-page":"553","article-title":"A Simplified Scoring System for the Diagnosis of Diarrhea and Respiratory Diseases in Dairy Calves","volume":"64","author":"Jaureguiberry M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2025.101049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_2","volume-title":"Invited Review: Bovine Abortion\u2014Incidence, Risk Factors and Causes","author":"Mee J. 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