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The cellulose matrix was precalcified using three methods: (i) cellulose samples were treated with a solution of calcium chloride and diammonium hydrogen phosphate; (ii) the carboxymethylated cellulose matrix was stored in a saturated calcium hydroxide solution; (iii) the cellulose matrix was mixed with a calcium silicate solution in order to introduce silanol groups and to combine them with calcium ions. All the methods resulted in a mineralization of the cellulose surfaces after immersion in a simulated body fluid solution. Over a period of 14 days, the matrix was completely covered with hydroxyapatite crystals. Hydroxyapatite formation depended on functional groups on the matrix surface as well as on the precalcification method. The largest hydroxyapatite crystals were obtained on the carboxymethylated cellulose matrix treated with calcium hydroxide solution. The porous cellulose matrix was not cytotoxic, allowing the adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblastic cells. Comparatively, improved cell adhesion and growth rate were achieved on the mineralized cellulose matrices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/452750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T20:45:00Z","timestamp":1379623500000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Biomimetic Mineralization on a Macroporous Cellulose-Based Matrix for Bone Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8794-9937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Odeta","family":"Petrauskaite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6411-702X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro de Sousa","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-392 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Helena","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-392 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gintaras","family":"Juodzbalys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1375-1367","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arturas","family":"Stumbras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Maminskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4279-7460","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Liesiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2311-9728","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Cicci\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Pathology Department, Dental School, University of Messina, Messina IT, Policlinico G. 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