{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:08:50Z","timestamp":1762506530664,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,12]],"date-time":"2015-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":101,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Melanic pigmentation results from melanin produced by the melanocytes present in the basal layer of the oral epithelium. One of the most common causes of oral pigmentation is smoker melanosis, a condition associated with the melanocyte stimulation caused by cigarette smoke. This paper aims to illustrate the use of a carbon dioxide laser in the removal of the gingival melanic pigmentation for aesthetic reasons in a 27\u2010year\u2010old female patient with history of a smoking habit. The carbon dioxide laser vaporisation was performed on the gingival mucosa with effective and quick results and without any complications or significant symptoms after the treatment. We conclude that a carbon dioxide laser could be a useful, effective, and safe instrument to treat the aesthetic complications caused by oral smoker melanosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/510589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,12]],"date-time":"2015-04-12T17:00:57Z","timestamp":1428858057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Aesthetic Depigmentation of Gingival Smoker\u2019s Melanosis Using Carbon Dioxide Lasers"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Luis Silva","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Adriano","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco Infante","family":"da C\u00e2mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J\u00falio","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Figueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00148-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2007.07.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1994.tb01095.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1368-8375(99)00085-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2010.01319.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","first-page":"682","article-title":"Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: review, differential diagnosis, and case presentations","volume":"70","author":"Kauzman A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the Canadian Dental Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.16.e11"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"434","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of excessive oral melanin pigmentation with special reference to the influence of tobacco habits","volume":"90","author":"Axell T.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.01.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(98)90199-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"555","article-title":"Treatment of severe physiologic gingival pigmentation with free gingival autograft","volume":"27","author":"Tamizi M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Quintessence International"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"148","article-title":"Management of physiological hyperpigmentation of oral mucosa by cryosurgical treatment: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Talebi M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"52","article-title":"Achieving better esthetics by gingival de-pigmentation: report of three cases with a review of the literature","volume":"95","author":"Parwani S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.106396"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","first-page":"673","article-title":"Removing melagenous pigmentation using 90 percent phenol with 95 percent alcohol","volume":"42","author":"Hasegawa A.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Dental Outlook"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Melanin repigmentation after gingivectomy: a 5-year clinical and transmission electron microscopic study in humans","volume":"13","author":"Bergamaschi O.","year":"1993","journal-title":"International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12087"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0103-64402012000100014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/761704"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1081-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9101(1999)25:2<140::AID-LSM7>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120094"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.2.315"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2011.41.4.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0278-2391(10)80416-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/clm.2000.18.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.113.11.1533"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124x.142450"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12816\/0006079"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-010-0770-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.02.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1079-2104(97)90254-7"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crid\/2015\/510589.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crid\/2015\/510589.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2015\/510589","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:51:08Z","timestamp":1762476668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2015\/510589"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2015\/510589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/510589","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6447","2090-6455"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-6447"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-6455"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-04-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"510589"}}