{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:42:39Z","timestamp":1777956159064,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized by a multifactorial aetiology and a complex genetic background, with the MHC region playing a major role. We genotyped for HLA-DRB1 locus 1228 patients with AIDs-213 with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), 166 with Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis (Ps + PsA), 153 with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), 67 with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), 536 with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and 93 with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) and 282 unrelated controls. We confirmed previously established associations of HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"\/>15 (OR = 2.17) and HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"\/>03 (OR = 1.81) alleles with MS, HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"\/>03 with SLE (OR = 2.49), HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"\/>01 (OR = 1.79) and HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"\/>04 (OR = 2.81) with RA, HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"\/>07 with Ps + PsA (OR = 1.79), HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"\/>01 (OR = 2.28) and HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"\/>08 (OR = 3.01) with SSc, and HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"\/>03 with MG (OR = 2.98). We further observed a consistent negative association of HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"\/>13 allele with SLE, Ps + PsA, RA, and SSc (18.3%, 19.3%, 16.3%, and 11.9%, resp., versus 29.8% in controls). HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"\/>13 frequency in the AIDs group was 20.0% (OR = 0.58). Although different alleles were associated with particular AIDs, the same allele, HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\"\/>13, was underrepresented in all of the six diseases analysed. This observation suggests that this allele may confer protection for AIDs, particularly for systemic and rheumatic disease. The protective effect of HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M14\"\/>13 could be explained by a more proficient antigen presentation by these molecules, favouring efficient clonal deletion during thymic selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/948723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]],"date-time":"2015-10-29T21:01:25Z","timestamp":1446152485000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["The Protective Role of HLA-DRB1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"\/>13 in Autoimmune Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Andreia","family":"Bettencourt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar-Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar-Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar-Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Br\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar-Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenetics Laboratory, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar-Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Martins da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Imunologia Cl\u00ednica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ernestina","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Imunologia Cl\u00ednica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Farinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Imunologia Cl\u00ednica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Imunologia Cl\u00ednica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Selores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Imunologia Cl\u00ednica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (CHP-HSA), Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, 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