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The adenosinergic system is widely regarded as a significant modulator of neurotransmission and the inflammatory response, through the actions of the four types of adenosine receptors (A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>R, A<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub>R, A<jats:sub>2B<\/jats:sub>R, and A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R), and thus could be revealed as a potential player in the events unfolding in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. Herein, we review the studies that explore the impact of diabetic conditions on the retinal adenosinergic system, as well as the role of the said system in ameliorating or exacerbating those conditions. The experimental results described suggest that this system is heavily affected by diabetic conditions and that the modulation of its components could reveal potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, particularly in the early stages of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4270301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,29]],"date-time":"2016-02-29T21:01:05Z","timestamp":1456779665000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Adenosinergic System in Diabetic Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Vindeirinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cavadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"A. F.","family":"Ambr\u00f3sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC.IBILI, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"P. 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