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The essential oil compositions were detected by GC\u2010MS. Eighty\u2010five components were identified in total. Seventy components were identified for NR essential oil. The major constituents in NR essential oil were <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010selinene (9.9%), selina\u20104,7\u2010diene (9.7%), <jats:italic>(E)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010caryophyllene (7.3%),myli\u20104(15)\u2010ene (6.4%), and guaia\u20101(10),11\u2010diene (5.9%). Sixty\u2010seven components were identified in HR essential oil, the main constituents being <jats:italic>(E)<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010caryophyllene (22.6%), and germacrene D (19.8%). The essential oils were tested for cytotoxic effect, antimicrobial, anti\u2010inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Both essential oils showed activity against grade IV glioma cell lines (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 400\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL), antimicrobial (MIC and MFC values of 2500 to 125\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL), and anti\u2010inflammatory (decreased level of IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20106, TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> in LPS\u2010stimulated cells).The essential oils exhibited moderate antioxidant activity in ABTS (EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 98 and 88\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL) assay. This is the first study to examine composition of the essential oils and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti\u2010inflammatory activities. The results indicate that essential oils form <jats:italic>L. sibiricus<\/jats:italic> root may be used in future as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial agents with potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7384061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,17]],"date-time":"2017-01-17T22:20:50Z","timestamp":1484691650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Antibacterial, Anti\u2010Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Properties of Essential Oils from Hairy and Normal Roots of <i>Leonurus sibiricus<\/i> L. and Their Chemical Composition"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5495-3550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Sitarek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1139-6840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Ska\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Kalemba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3501-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam J.","family":"Bia\u0142as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Szemraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Pytel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5182-6991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halina","family":"Wysoki\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"\u015aliwi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v2i2.14607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12692\/ijb\/4.6.217-222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5753139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Phytochemistry: Advances in Research","author":"Maestri D. 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