{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T21:59:57Z","timestamp":1766181597500,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["780989","UIDB\/04559\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["780989","UIDB\/04559\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese National Funds","award":["780989","UIDB\/04559\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["780989","UIDB\/04559\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The lamina cribrosa (LC) is an active structure that responds to the strain by changing its morphology. Abnormal changes in LC morphology are usually associated with, and indicative of, certain pathologies such as glaucoma, intraocular hypertension, and myopia. Recent developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have enabled detailed in vivo studies about the architectural characteristics of the LC. Structural characteristics of the LC have been widely explored in glaucoma management. However, information about which LC biomarkers could be useful for the diagnosis, and follow-up, of other diseases besides glaucoma is scarce. Hence, this literature review aims to summarize the role of the LC in nonophthalmic and ophthalmic diseases other than glaucoma. PubMed was used to perform a systematic review on the LC features that can be extracted from OCT images. All imaging features are presented and discussed in terms of their importance and applicability in clinical practice. A total of 56 studies were included in this review. Overall, LC depth (LCD) and thickness (LCT) have been the most studied features, appearing in 75% and 45% of the included studies, respectively. These biomarkers were followed by the prelaminar tissue thickness (21%), LC curvature index (5.4%), LC global shape index (3.6%), LC defects (3.6%), and LC strains\/deformations (1.8%). Overall, the disease groups showed a thinner LC (smaller LCT) and a deeper ONH cup (larger LCD), with some exceptions. A large variability between approaches used to compute LC biomarkers has been observed, highlighting the importance of having automated and standardized methodologies in LC analysis. Moreover, further studies are needed to identify the pathologies where LC features have a diagnostic and\/or prognostic value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8844614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T16:12:02Z","timestamp":1613837522000},"page":"1-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of the Lamina Cribrosa: Structural Biomarkers in Nonglaucomatous Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Paulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UC), Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3490-7789","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro G.","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UC), Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5799-4163","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Danilo","family":"Andrade De Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4061-4846","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luisa","family":"S\u00e1nchez Brea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7243-9280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jan","family":"Van Eijgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8832-8208","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UC), Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8257-7759","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Theo","family":"van Walsum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4449-6784","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7507-4512","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ingeborg","family":"Stalmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7816-816X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Barbosa Breda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Cardiovascular R&D Center, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8183"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14029"},{"issue":"8","key":"3","first-page":"606","article-title":"The dynamics and location of axonal transport blockade by acute intraocular pressure elevation in primate optic nerve","volume":"15","author":"H. 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