{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:53:56Z","timestamp":1772499236962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699920000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50011\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50011\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/50011\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50011\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two finishing and polishing methods on the surface roughness of different resin composites. Twenty-two disk-shaped specimens of five resin composites Zirconfill\u00ae (ZF), Filtek\u2122 Supreme XTE (FS), Brilliant EverGlow\u2122 (BG), Ceram.X\u00ae Duo (CD), and Harmonize\u2122 (HA) were prepared for each one using a silicon mold. Both surfaces of each specimen were first grinded with 600-grit silicon carbide paper in a moistened environment. The polishing methods used included the two-step Enhance\u00ae and PoGo\u00ae polishing system (E\/P) or the four-step SwissFlex\u00ae discs (SFD). Surface roughness was evaluated using a noncontact 3D-optical profilometer. Surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons with Tukey\u2019s test (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>\u03b1<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.050<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Surface roughness was affected by both the type of resin composite (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.001<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and the finishing and polishing system (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), with a significant interaction between these two factors (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>=<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.025<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The E\/P system produced smoother surfaces than the SFD system (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>p<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>&lt;<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.001<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). For the E\/P system, the highest mean roughness value was obtained with ZF and was statistically different from all other composites, whereas inhomogeneous results among resin composites could be found for the SFD system. Surface roughness was material-dependent, and the polishability of the resin composites was best accomplished using the E\/P system. Within each F\/P system studied, BG showed the lowest average surface roughness and ZF registered the highest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4078788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T19:05:24Z","timestamp":1699988724000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Surface Roughness Evaluation of Resin Composites after Finishing and Polishing Using 3D-Profilometry"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6929-3807","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Vinagre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-6345","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Catarina","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9988-4672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joana","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4019-9379","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ana","family":"Messias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CEMMPRE\u2014Center for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, 3030-788, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7956-6565","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Filipe","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO -Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, Aveiro University, Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1965-1092","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2014.01.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"2","first-page":"311","article-title":"Surface properties of resin-based composite materials and biofilm formation: a review of the current literature","volume":"28","author":"G. 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