{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T02:24:24Z","timestamp":1778034264114,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":190,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008809","name":"University of Hail","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG-23 195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG-23 195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Mothers of children with intellectual disabilities are particularly vulnerable to mental distress due to demanding and exhausting caregiving. However, in the Arab world, they are seldom screened for depression because of limited diagnostic resources. Addressing the urgent need for brief and reliable screening tools, this study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire\u20102 (PHQ\u20102) among 85 Saudi mothers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A cross\u2010sectional study.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The construct, convergent, and divergent validity of the PHQ\u20102 was examined through a latent variable model (LVM), while its cutoff score was examined through receiver\u2010operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The unidimensional PHQ\u20102 (item loadings &gt; 0.7) was positively predicted by stress and negatively predicted by high mood and happiness, supporting its convergent and divergent validity. The PHQ\u20102 effectively predicted low mood, poor sleep quality, nightmares, high stress, low general physical health, and willingness to join a psychological support program (area under the curve [AUC] range\u2009=\u20090.72\u20130.84,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    values\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The best balance between sensitivity and specificity was achieved at the PHQ\u20102 threshold \u2265 2.5, while the cutoff \u2265 3.5 demonstrated a higher positive predictive value (PPV) for all outcomes (range\u2009=\u200930.0\u201378.8 vs. 23.0\u201370.8).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The PHQ\u20102 is a brief, valid tool, which at cutoffs \u2265 2.5 and\u2009\u2265\u20093.5 can reliably detect clinically significant depression and related psychological and physical adverse effects. Mothers scoring \u2265 3.5 may require a clinician\u2010based examination for depression, and they may benefit from specific mental health literacy interventions. However, the results should be interpreted with caution given convenience sampling, a small sample size, and elevated distress levels in the current population. These limitations highlight the need to replicate the study with larger, randomly selected samples from more diverse populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Implications for Practice:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Nurses can efficiently screen for depression and its mental\/physical sequelae, as well as monitor response to treatment using only two items. The study provided two well\u2010interpreted cutoffs of the PHQ\u20102, with real\u2010world implications for mental health screening in under\u2010resourced settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Reporting Method:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The study adhered to STROBE guidelines.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Patient or Public Contribution:<\/jats:bold>\n                    No patient or public contribution.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/nrp\/9934710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T08:36:23Z","timestamp":1752136583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Arabic Version of the Patient Health Questionnaire\u20102 (PHQ\u20102): Psychometric Evaluation Among Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6448-8282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira Mohammed","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2392-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed A.","family":"Al-Dossary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6533-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musheer A.","family":"Aljaberi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0185-859X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heba","family":"Emad El-Gazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Laranjeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2019-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haitham","family":"Khatatbeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4298-1121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Ali Zoromba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rasmieh","family":"Alamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5214-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faten","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2849-1310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Pakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2569-8017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feten","family":"Fekih-Romdhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12161612"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192113975"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2023.0777"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291722002835"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12079"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2025.100310"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5516-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16540"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13205"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1781464"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40675-020-00164-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2024.101931"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.01.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043221"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2016.1247035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.799812"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11060892"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181a00578"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2018.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2004.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-021-00483-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6504"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph181910142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104397"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1526569"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2021.101365"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-021-09476-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2020.1733087"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00302333"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000219721.89552.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7478"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2006.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16878"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.104867"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1259997"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2020.1830093"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2016.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033294118783508"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00127"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60127-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14937-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.589687"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007123419000206"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2011.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DO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