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We observed no effect of \u03b2-blockers on steady-state mouse hematopoiesis. However, mice treated with a nonselective \u03b2-blocker (carvedilol), but not a \u03b21-selective inhibitor (metoprolol), exhibited impaired hematopoietic regeneration after syngeneic or allogeneic HCTs. At two institutions, patients who received nonselective, but not \u03b21-selective, \u03b2-blockers after allogeneic HCT exhibited delayed platelet engraftment and reduced survival. This was particularly observed in patients who received posttransplant chemotherapy for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, which also accentuated the inhibitory effect of carvedilol on engraftment in mice. In patients who received autologous HCTs, nonselective \u03b2-blockers were associated with little or no delay in engraftment. The inhibitory effect of nonselective \u03b2-blockers after allogeneic HCT was overcome by transplanting larger doses of hematopoietic cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who receive allogeneic HCTs followed by posttransplant chemotherapy for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis may be at risk of delayed engraftment and increased mortality if administered nonselective \u03b2-blockers after transplantation. Transient discontinuation of nonselective \u03b2-blockers or transitioning to \u03b21-selective inhibitors after HCT may accelerate engraftment and improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>See related commentary by Bhatia, p. 666<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.cd-24-0719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T10:25:16Z","timestamp":1735554316000},"page":"748-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nonselective \u03b2-Adrenergic Receptor Inhibitors Impair Hematopoietic Regeneration in Mice and Humans after Hematopoietic Cell Transplants"],"prefix":"10.1158","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9736-8678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinsuke","family":"Nishino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Children\u2019s Research Institute and the Department 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