{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:20:44Z","timestamp":1772756444097,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Addict Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998]]},"abstract":"The clinical effectiveness of <i>l<\/i>-methadone maintenance treatment (LMMT) carried out using <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone or <i>l<\/i>-methadone have been compared with ambulatory heroin-dependent subjects. A total of 40 heroin-dependent subjects, previously maintained on <i>l<\/i>-methadone in Frankfurt am Main, were divided into two groups under randomised double-blind conditions and received either an equivalent dose of <i>l<\/i>-methadone as <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone or remained on the previous <i>l<\/i>-methadone treatment. Requests for a change in the dose of <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone and <i>l<\/i>-methadone were recorded, urine samples for determination of illicit drug use were collected and the individual level of opiate craving was determined over a 22-day observation period. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the number requests for a dose change (dose increase <10%). However, there was a significant increase in heroin use in the group which continued to receive <i>l<\/i>-methadone. Although there was less variability in opiate craving in the group receiving <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone, the mean intensity of opiate craving did not differ between the two groups. The mean <i>l<\/i>-methadone dose:<i>l<\/i>-methadone plasma concentration ratio, an index of the bioavailability of <i>l<\/i>-methadone in individual subjects, showed no significant change when the treatment was changed to <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone. The mean <i>d<\/i>-methadone:<i>l<\/i>-methadone plasma concentration ratio was 1.17. There was no significant difference between these ratios for day 15 and day 22. The mean <i>l<\/i>-methadone:EDDP plasma concentration ratio in the <i>l<\/i>-methadone group was 22.2 and the <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone:EDDP plasma concentration ratio was 18.4 . The plasma EDDP concentration in the <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone group increased 3-fold after starting treatment with <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone. These findings suggest that <i>d,l<\/i>-methadone can be used in methadone maintenance treatment of heroin-dependent subjects but that further studies are required to evaluate pharmacokinetic interactions between methadone enantiomers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000018936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T17:25:18Z","timestamp":1050427518000},"page":"134-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["<i>L<\/i>-Methadone and <i>D,L<\/i>-Methadonein Methadone Maintenance Treatment: A Comparison of Therapeutic Effectiveness and Plasma Concentrations"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jan W.","family":"de Vos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan G.R.","family":"Ufkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles D.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Tursch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim K.A.","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henk","family":"van Wilgenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry G.","family":"Woodcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. Horst","family":"Staib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(79)90343-6"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)95374-9"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199606000-00001"}],"container-title":["European Addiction Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/18936","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/18936","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T05:03:44Z","timestamp":1745471024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000018936"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000018936","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-6877","1421-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-6877","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998]]}}}