{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T05:10:04Z","timestamp":1745471404924,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Immunogenet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a recently described cytokine, produced by monocytes\/macrophages, with biological activities similar to IL-2. Since IL-15 was shown to stimulate human B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion, we investigated its effect on human B-cells stimulated with heat-inactivated human immunodeficiency virus type\u00a01 (iHIV-1) in vitro. We observed a dose-dependent elevation of [&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;H]-thymidine incorporation and immunoglobulin production by B-cells incubated in the presence of iHIV-1. Moreover, IL-15 stimulated HIV-1-driven B-cell proliferation similarly to IL-2. As to immunoglobulin secretion, IL-15 was able to potentiate the stimulatory effect of IL-10. The highest amounts of iHIV caused a decrease in B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion to baseline levels, even in the presence of cytokines. These findings indicate that during the late stages of AIDS, when monocytes\/macrophages become the major site of viral production, IL-15, in concert with other monocyte-derived cytokines, may promote polyclonal B-cell activation and hypergammaglobulinaemia, which are frequently associated with HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000019108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T09:24:25Z","timestamp":1050398665000},"page":"162-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Interleukin-15 Enhances HIV-1-Driven Polyclonal B-Cell Response in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Kacani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.M.","family":"Sprinzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Erdei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.P.","family":"Dierich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/366464a0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90246-H"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.4.1395"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(94)90081-7"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5320.1857"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Immunogenetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/19108","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/19108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:31:25Z","timestamp":1745469085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000019108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000019108","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-9670","1421-9948"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0254-9670"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9948"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999]]}}}