{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T05:40:02Z","timestamp":1745473202808,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; Nickel sulphate stimulates the proliferation of lymphocytes in nickel-allergic subjects. However, nickel-induced stimulation of lymphocytes from control persons without clinical symptoms of nickel allergy has also been reported. The aim of the present study was to correlate T cell activity, measured by DNA synthesis and the expression of Th1 [interleukin (IL)-2, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b2 and interferon (IFN)-\u03b3] and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines, in short-term (up to 72 h) culture of nickel-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from nickel-allergic patients compared to control subjects. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; DNA synthesis was measured by the incorporation of [methyl-&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;H]thymidine. The production of IL-2, TNF-\u03b2, IFN-\u03b3 and IL-4 was measured in the supernatants of the cultures by ELISA. In situ hybridization for mRNA was performed using oligonucleotide probes for IL-4, IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b2 in cell smears. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; Already after 24 h and proceeding through the remaining culture period, there was a statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001) difference in the concentrations of IL-2 between patients and controls. There was a significant (p &lt; 0.01) difference in DNA synthesis (stimulation index) between the patients and control subjects at 72 h, and also at the same time a difference in the concentrations of TNF-\u03b2 (p &lt; 0.05) and IL-4 (p &lt; 0.01). In the in situ hybridization study, TNF-\u03b2 was found to be the only one of the studied cytokines that differed between the nickel-allergic and control subjects, this difference being most evident at 72 h (p &lt; 0.01). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; Our results indicate a difference between nickel-allergic and non-allergic subjects in the synthesis of DNA and production of cytokines when PBMC are stimulated by nickel sulphate, and IL-2 may be regarded as a critical and early-occurring cytokine<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000024437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T10:10:37Z","timestamp":1050401437000},"page":"170-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Early DNA Synthesis and Cytokine Expression in the Nickel Activation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Nickel-Allergic Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Hale","family":"Falsafi-Amin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Lundeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moiz","family":"Bakhiet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klas","family":"Nordlind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12494841"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00334.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1995.1196"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000024312"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1993.1264"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/24437","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/24437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:58:14Z","timestamp":1745470694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000024437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000024437","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-2438"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0097"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000]]}}}