{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:11:00Z","timestamp":1745554260556,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intervirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> Changes in the deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope 2 (E2) region of the GB virus C\/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C\/HGV) were analyzed to investigate whether or not the region contributes to persistent infection with the virus. <i>Methods:<\/i> Eight patients with acute hepatitis C and 1 patient with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology were included in the study. GBV-C\/HGV RNA was detected in 6 patients, including the patient with hepatitis of unknown origin. The nucleotide sequence of the E2 region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and GBV-C\/HGV was determined by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products in 5 patients with HCV infection and in 6 patients with GBV-C\/HGV infection twice during the period of early infection and several months or years later in each patient. <i>Results:<\/i> The mean substitution rate of the deduced amino acid sequence in the E2 region was over 100 times lower (p < 0.001) in GBV-C\/HGV (0.01 \u00b1 0.04\/month\/100 sites) than in HCV (2.4 \u00b1 1.7\/month\/100 sites). The amino acid sequence of the loop domain of GBV-C\/HGV-E2 did not change in any of the 6 patients. On the other hand, the sequence of the hypervariable region of HCV-E2 changed remarkably (5.9 \u00b1 4.3\/month\/100 sites). No amino acid substitution in the loop domain was observed in 7 additional patients who showed persistent GBV-C\/HGV viremia for more than 2 years. <i>Conclusion:<\/i> These results indicate that changes in the amino acid sequence of the E2 region are not involved in the mechanism of persistent GBV-C\/HGV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000025039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T15:42:49Z","timestamp":1050421369000},"page":"139-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Persistent Infection Mechanism of GB Virus C\/Hepatitis G Virus Differs from That of Hepatitis C Virus"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Koji","family":"Orii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akinori","family":"Rokuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Ichijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaname","family":"Yoshizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kendo","family":"Kiyosawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,23]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199606063342310"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03291-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199601183340315"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1993.1378"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref5","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-9139(94)90887-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)06461-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1038\/339237a0"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199703133361102"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199806)55:2<109::AID-JMV5>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1038\/379405a0"}],"container-title":["Intervirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/25039","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/25039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:48:01Z","timestamp":1745466481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000025039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000025039","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-5526","1423-0100"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0300-5526"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0100"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000]]}}}