{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:11:28Z","timestamp":1745554288413,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]],"date-time":"1999-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":915148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The methionine-enkephalin (Met-enkephalin, Tyr-Gly- Gly-Phe-Met) analogs Tyr-&lt;i&gt;D&lt;\/i&gt;-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Met NHC&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;\/sub&gt;- iso (1) and Tyr-&lt;i&gt;D&lt;\/i&gt;-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly-NHC&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;\/sub&gt;-iso (2) have been shown to enhance human T cell proliferation in in vitro treatment. Their immunomodulatory activities were completely blocked by naloxone, an opioid antagonist. Now we demonstrate that a selective \u03b4-opioid receptor antagonist, ICI-174,864, completely blocks enhancement of T cell proliferation by analogs (1) and (2). The T cell-stimulatory effect was only partially inhibited by the \u00b5-receptor-selective antagonist, \u03b2-funaltrexamine hydrochloride. The \u03ba-opioid receptor antagonist, nor-binaltorphimine dihydrochloride, showed no effect on T cell-proliferation stimulated by analogs (1) and (2). These observations suggest that analogs (1) and (2) of Met-enkephalin stimulate T cell proliferation predominantly via \u03b4-opioid receptor present on T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000026395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T09:24:25Z","timestamp":1050398665000},"page":"355-360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["\u03b4-Opioid Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Immunomodulation by Met-Enkephalin Analogs"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirti","family":"Bajpai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virendra S.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikas C.","family":"Dhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wahajul","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishna B.","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyam S.","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(76)90265-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(94)90020-5"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(83)90020-6"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(93)90144-Q"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(93)90009-N"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(94)90046-9"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(82)90054-6"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(95)00033-6"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(90)90043-E"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81498-O"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(88)90005-7"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(87)90047-6"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(84)90470-9"}],"container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/26395","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/26395","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:56:45Z","timestamp":1745467005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000026395"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000026395","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7401","1423-0216"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1021-7401"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0216"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999]]}}}