{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T12:49:50Z","timestamp":1761742190872,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Airway inflammation plays a pivotal role in asthma. Over the last 10 years, evidence has accumulated for the potential role of lymphocytes in airway inflammation. Since cyclosporin A (Cyc-A) can profoundly influence lymphocyte activation, it is appropriate to consider this drug as a novel antiasthmatic. The effect of inhalation of low doses of Cyc-A on airway inflammation remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), peripheral blood cell profiles, and lung biopsy specimens in Cyc-A-pretreated rats. Twenty-nine rats (8 controls, 10 ovalbumin sensitized, and 11 Cyc-A inhaling and ovalbumin sensitized) were included in the study. A commercial intravenous Cyc-A solution was given as a single dose of 20 mg\/kg 1\u00a0h prior to inhalation of ovalbumin via nebulizer. The total number of BAL cells significantly increased in rats inhaling Cyc-A when compared with ovalbumin-sensitized rats (2.37 \u00b1 2.34 \u00d7 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;\/sup&gt;\/ml and 1.01 \u00b1 0.49 \u00d7 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;\/sup&gt;\/ml respectively, p &lt; 0.05). There was a significant increase in the percentage of lymphocytes (14.5 \u00b1 8.5 versus 27.4 \u00b1 7.4%, p &lt; 0.03), a nonsignificant increase in the percentage of eosinophils (0.8 \u00b1 1.0 versus 3.0 \u00b1 4.6%), and a significant decrease in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (9.4 \u00b1 6.9 versus 3.4 \u00b1 3.8%, p &lt; 0.01) and macrophages (75.4 \u00b1 5.1 versus 50.2 \u00b1 11.8%, p &lt; 0.02) in BAL in the ovalbumin-sensitized group as compared with controls. Differential cell counts revealed a higher percentage of neutrophils and macrophages in the BAL of Cyc-A-pretreated rats than in that of the ovalbumin-sensitized group (26.3 \u00b1 26.8 versus 3.4 \u00b1 3.8%, p &lt; 0.01 and 66.1 \u00b1 7.7 versus 50.2 \u00b1 11.8%, p &lt; 0.02). There was a nonsignificant decrease of lymphocytes and eosinophils in the Cyc-A-pretreated group when compared with the ovalbumin-sensitized group (27.4 \u00b1 7.4 versus 21.1 \u00b1 12.4 and 3.0 \u00b1 4.6% versus 2.4 \u00b1 2.6%). The peripheral blood total white blood cell count decreased in the ovalbumin-sensitized and Cyc-A-pretreated groups as compared with the control group (2,520 \u00b1 1,098\/mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;, 3,591 \u00b1 2,251\/mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;, and 5,975 \u00b1 2,787\/mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;, respectively, p &lt; 0.01). In addition, peripheral eosinophilia was detected in the Cyc-A-pretreated group when compared with controls and the ovalbumin-sensitized group (6.9 \u00b1 4.7, 2.4 \u00b1 1.1, and 2.6 \u00b1 2.4%, respectively, p &lt; 0.01). Light-microscopic examination of the airways revealed prominent eosinophilia in tracheal, bronchial, and bronchiolar sections in the ovalbumin-sensitized group: counts were 1.8 \u00b1 2.3\/HPF, 10.3 \u00b1 11.4\/HPF, 63.3 \u00b1 45.0\/HPF, respectively. Cyc-A resulted in a decrease of the eosinophil counts\/HPF to 0\/HPF in trachea (p &lt; 0.05), to 4.3 \u00b1 9.4\/HPF in bronchi (p &lt; 0.02), to 19.4 \u00b1 38.4 in bronchioles (p &lt; 0.004).In conclusion, the present study supports the theory that locally administered inhaled low-dose Cyc-A is effective on inflammatory cells of sensitized airways and peripheral cells. It may therefore be useful in elucidating the inflammatory mechanisms involved in asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000029229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T13:07:10Z","timestamp":1050412030000},"page":"71-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of Inhaled Cyclosporin on the Rat Airway: Histologic and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Berrin Ba\u01e7c\u0131","family":"Ceyhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Sungur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c7i\u01e7dem Ataizi","family":"\u00c7elikel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Turgay","family":"\u00c7elikel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,20]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.5.1737"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref2","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.1.219"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91403-U"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(92)90083-W"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/29229","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/29229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:22:11Z","timestamp":1745468531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000029229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000029229","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0025-7931"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0356"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998]]}}}