{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:12:34Z","timestamp":1745554354713,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"Suppl. 4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) is a very common condition, which presents with deteriorating sputum production and dyspnoea in a patient with pre-existing COPD or chronic bronchitis. As these symptoms are relatively non-specific and also the presenting feature of a wide range of other conditions, the physician should carefully consider the differential diagnosis before deciding on whether or not a patient indeed has AECB. The differential diagnosis can be summarised as pneumonia, pneumothorax, cardiac failure\/cor pulmonale, bronchiectasis, asthma, tuberculosis, sinusitis and other forms of upper respiratory tract sepsis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, lung cancer, gastro-oesophageal reflux, the presence of a foreign body in the airway, melioidosis, and lung abscess. This article aims to discuss these conditions, with brief presentation of clinical cases, in the evaluation of differential diagnosis of AECB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000049178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T09:24:25Z","timestamp":1050398665000},"page":"28-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Solutions for Difficult Diagnostic Cases of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Kenneth W.T.","family":"Tsang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.588-601.2000"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0496(200102)31:2<165::AID-PPUL1025>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000016970"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00.16463300"}],"container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/49178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/49178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:12:17Z","timestamp":1745467937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000049178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl. 4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000049178","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-3157","1421-9794"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0009-3157"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9794"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001]]}}}