{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:37:05Z","timestamp":1791207425069,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Folia Phoniatr Logop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Twenty-two consecutive children with repaired cleft lip and\/or palate [isolated cleft lip (CL) 6, isolated cleft palate (CP) 7, unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) 7, and bilateral cleft lip and palate 2] with a mean age of 27 months underwent spectrographic measures of tape-recorded speech (DSP Sona-Graph digital unit). Controls were 22 age- and sex-matched noncleft children. Data analyzed included (1) the Spanish vocalic variables [a, i, u, e, o]: first formant, second formant, duration, and context; (2) obstruent variables [p, t, k]: burst, voice onset time, and duration, and (3) nasal variables [m]: first formant, second formant, and duration. Statistically significant differences were observed between the CL group and the control group in the first formant of [e] and in the increase of the frequency of the [t] burst. Comparison between UCLP and controls showed differences in the second formant of [a], in the first formant of [o], and in the second formant of [o]. These results suggest a small but significant influence of either the cleft lip or its repair on lip rounding for [o] and [u]. In addition, tongue position differences were most likely responsible for the differences seen with [a] and [e]. Spectrographic differences in the current patients did not contribute to meaningful differences in speech sound development. Individualized care (orthodontics, surgery, speech therapy) in children with cleft lip and\/or palate attended at specialized craniofacial units contributes to normalization of speech development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000065197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T21:05:17Z","timestamp":1050440717000},"page":"247-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spectrographic Measures of the Speech of Young Children with Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Casal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Sarget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Celdr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Sent\u00eds-Vilalta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosme","family":"Gay-Escoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,7]]},"container-title":["Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/65197","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/65197","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:28:01Z","timestamp":1745468881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000065197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000065197","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7762","1421-9972"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7762","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9972","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002]]}}}