{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:28:08Z","timestamp":1775064488166,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Princ Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; To investigate the reproductive performance of non-pregnant women with recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM) and the association between RSM and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in reproductive failure. &lt;i&gt;Subjects and Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Fifty non-pregnant women with 3 or more consecutive RSM attending our RSM clinic were evaluated prospectively. Detailed history and physical examination were completed. Extensive laboratory investigations, ultrasonographic, radiological and specialized procedures\/tests were performed. Those patients who did not achieve pregnancy within the first 6 months of follow-up had appropriate treatment options implemented. The outcome of any subsequent pregnancies was analyzed. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; The mean age of the patients was 33.8 \u00b1 4.6 years (range 22\u201343 years). The aetiological factors associated with RSM were chromosome anomaly, uterine abnormality, antiphospholipid syndrome, PCOS and infections; 40% were \u2018unexplained\u2019. Thirty patients (60%) were able to achieve viable pregnancies which progressed to term, resulting in live births. Fourteen of the other 20 patients had high body mass index (BMI) &gt;30 and evidence of PCOS. Of these 20 patients, 13 eventually achieved pregnancies which ended again in first-second-trimester abortions (cause undetermined). The remaining 7 patients (4 with high BMI) who had a combination of male factor\/protracted PCOS\/ovarian failure did not achieve pregnancies. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; The association of RSM with PCOS resulted in poor reproductive performance, which may progress to reproductive failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000069122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T12:11:24Z","timestamp":1050408684000},"page":"107-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Relationship of Recurrent Spontaneous Miscarriage with Reproductive Failure"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Diejomaoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Jirous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Al-Azemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Tallat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199806253382603"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.80.10.2966"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004040100179"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03124-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92159-F"}],"container-title":["Medical Principles and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/69122","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/69122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:42:34Z","timestamp":1745466154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000069122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000069122","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1011-7571","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0151","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003]]}}}