{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T22:51:36Z","timestamp":1762210296898,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Upregulation of proinflammatory endothelial cell adhesion molecules and decreased bioactivity of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) are important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We investigated the effects of co-infection with <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/i> and <i>Helicobacter pylori <\/i>on these two events in apoE-KO mice. <i>Methods:<\/i> Thirty-two apoE-KO mice, 8 weeks old, were equally divided into 4 groups. The first 2 groups were infected with either <i>C. pneumoniae<\/i> or <i>H. pylori,<\/i> while the 3rd group was infected with both <i>C. pneumoniae<\/i> and <i>H. pylori<\/i>. Mice from the 4th group and 4 wild-type mice served as controls. Thoracic and abdominal aortas were harvested after 10 weeks, and staining for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The endothelial vasomotor responses of thoracic aortas to methacholine were studied in organ chambers in the absence and presence of <i>L<\/i>-NAME. The plasma levels of nitrate\/nitrite were measured. <i>Results:<\/i> Staining for VCAM-1 was more intense at the branching sites of aortas from mice with co-infection than in mono-infected or noninfected apoE-KO mice. The relaxation responses to methacholine and the plasma levels of nitrate\/nitrite were significantly less in the co-infected group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). <i>Conclusion:<\/i> Co-infection of apoE-KO mice with <i>C. pneumoniae<\/i> and <i>H. pylori<\/i> seems to be associated with impaired bioactivity of endothelial NO and increased expression of VCAM-1 at branching sites. The findings may suggest an additive interaction of these pathogens in atherogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000070708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,13]],"date-time":"2003-06-13T14:21:30Z","timestamp":1055514090000},"page":"115-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Co-Infection with <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/i> and <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> Results in Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Enhanced VCAM-1 Expression in ApoE-Knockout Mice"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Petru","family":"Liuba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erkki","family":"Pesonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilari","family":"Paakkari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Forslid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seppo","family":"Yl\u00e4-Herttuala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torkel","family":"Wadstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Laurini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430050142341"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)03079-1"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/089106098435232"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1379\/1466-1268(1997)002<0094:CEOIVE>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655401753382567"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1999.00642.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(96)90042-6"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000021125.83697.21"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(97)00114-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/70708","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/70708","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:23:17Z","timestamp":1745464997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000070708"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000070708","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-1172","1423-0135"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-1172"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0135"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003]]}}}