{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:10:34Z","timestamp":1745554234871,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanisms of action involved in the ocular hypertension induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a voltage-dependent potassium (K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;\/sup&gt;) channel blocker, in rabbits. Topical application of 4-AP elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This action caused increases in the aqueous flow rate as well as aqueous levels of protein and norepinephrine. In isolated iris-ciliary body preparations, 4-AP (0.01, 0.1, 1\u00a0mmol\/l) caused dose-related increases in field-stimulated norepinephrine release by 43, 222 and 243%, respectively. Taken together, the IOP-elevating effect evoked by 4-AP was associated with enhancement of aqueous norepinephrine levels and norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves of the iris-ciliary body. These results demonstrate that the 4-AP-sensitive K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;\/sup&gt; channels in sympathetic nerves and the ciliary epithelium are the potential sites of action of the 4-AP-induced ocular hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000072364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,22]],"date-time":"2003-08-22T08:19:50Z","timestamp":1061540390000},"page":"108-114","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["4-Aminopyridine Transiently Increases Intraocular Pressure in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Robin R.","family":"Socci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Bayorh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teh-Ching","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1996.0028"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(78)90083-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(88)90238-6"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1999.0674"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.11.5934"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/72364","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/72364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:39:47Z","timestamp":1745465987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000072364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000072364","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-7012","1423-0313"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-7012"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0313"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003]]}}}