{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:33:45Z","timestamp":1791041625022,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, we have developed collagen crosslinking induced by combined riboflavin\/UVA treatment, thus increasing the biomechanical rigidity of the cornea to treat progressive keratoconus. The present safety study was performed to evaluate possible cytotoxic effects of combined riboflavin\/UVA treatment on the corneal endothelium in vitro. Endothelial cell cultures from porcine corneas were treated with 500 \u00b5&lt;i&gt;M&lt;\/i&gt; riboflavin solution, exposed to various endothelial UVA irradiances (370 nm) ranging from 0.1 to 1.6 mW\/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt; for 30 min and evaluated 24 h later using trypan blue staining and Yopro fluorescence staining. The effect of either treatment alone (UVA irradiation ranging from 0.2 to 6 mW\/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;) was also tested. An abrupt cytotoxic threshold irradiance level was found at 0.35 mW\/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt; after combined treatment with riboflavin plus UVA irradiation and at 4 mW\/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt; with UVA irradiation alone. Riboflavin alone was not toxic. A cytotoxic effect of the combined riboflavin\/UVA treatment on corneal endothelial cells is to be expected with a corneal thickness of less than 400 \u00b5m. Therefore, pachymetry should be routinely performed before riboflavin\/UVA treatment to exclude patients at risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000074071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,19]],"date-time":"2003-12-19T04:25:47Z","timestamp":1071807947000},"page":"324-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":221,"title":["Corneal Endothelial Cytotoxicity of Riboflavin\/UVA Treatment in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Gregor","family":"Wollensak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eberhard","family":"Sp\u00f6rl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedemann","family":"Reber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Pillunat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Funk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1997.0410"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003470050515"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)02220-1"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00250-3"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2001.1067"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(95)00172-7"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/74071","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/74071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T23:49:08Z","timestamp":1745452148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000074071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000074071","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003]]}}}