{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:09:53Z","timestamp":1792609793472,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fetal Diagn Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; To investigate complications and outcome of pregnancies with male and female fetuses. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; A population-based study comparing all singleton deliveries between the years 1988 and 1999 was performed. We compared pregnancies with male vs. female fetuses. Patients with a previous cesarean section (CS) were excluded from the study. Statistical analyses with the Mantel-Haenszel technique and multiple logistic regression models were performed to control for confounders. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; During the study period there were 55,891 deliveries of male and 53,104 deliveries of female neonates. Patients carrying male fetuses had higher rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.12; p = 0.012), fetal macrosomia (OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.8\u20132.1; p &lt; 0.001), failure to progress during the first and second stages of labor (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.1\u20131.3; p &lt; 0.001 and OR = 1.4; 95% CI 1.3\u20131.5; p &lt; 0.001, respectively), cord prolapse (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.1\u20131.6; p = 0.014), nuchal cord (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.1\u20131.2; p &lt; 0.001) and true umbilical cord knots (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.3\u20131.7; p &lt; 0.001). Higher rates of CS were found among male compared with female neonates (8.7 vs. 7.9%; OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.06\u20131.16; p &lt; 0.001). Using three multivariate logistic regression models and controlling for birth weight and gestational age, male gender was significantly associated with non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.4\u20131.6; p &lt; 0.001), low Apgar scores at 5 min (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.3\u20131.8; p &lt; 0.001) and CS (OR = 1.2; 95%CI 1.2\u20131.3; p &lt; 0.001). Controlling for possible confounders like gestational diabetes, cord prolapse, failed induction, nonprogressive labor, fetal macrosomia, nuchal cord and true umbilical cord knots using the Mantel-Haenszel technique did not change the significant association between male gender and CS. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; Male gender is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000077967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,21]],"date-time":"2004-06-21T14:30:54Z","timestamp":1087828254000},"page":"366-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":148,"title":["Gender Does Matter in Perinatal Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Eyal","family":"Sheiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reli","family":"Hershkovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elad","family":"Leron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moshe","family":"Mazor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00007-3"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127379"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)80002-9"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(99)00280-8"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.115117"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049410"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91355-6"}],"container-title":["Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/77967","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/77967","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T23:09:47Z","timestamp":1745449787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000077967"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000077967","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-3837","1421-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-3837","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}}}