{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:11:36Z","timestamp":1791321096573,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fetal Diagn Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> To determine whether soluble HLA-G1 (sHLA-G1) concentrations in maternal serum and in amniotic fluid are lower at term than in the second trimester. <i>Methods:<\/i> In this prospective study amniotic fluid and maternal serum samples were aspirated from 21 pregnant women during genetic amniocentesis at 16\u201320 weeks\u2019 gestation, and from 19 women undergoing a cesarean section at term. In the latter group arterial umbilical cord blood was aspirated as well. sHLA-G1 levels were determined using ELISA assay. This assay included the anti-HLA-G monoclonal antibodies 87G and 16G1, both as capture antibodies and horseradish-peroxidase-labeled rabbit anti-human \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>-microglobulin antibodies, as the detection antibody. The relative concentrations of sHLA-G1 were measured from the absorbancy of the blue product at 650 nm. Student\u2019s t test was used for statistical analysis. <i>Results:<\/i> sHLA-G1 levels in amniotic fluid were significantly lower at term than in the second trimester (0.160 \u00b1 0.05 vs. 0.272 \u00b1 0.150 OD units; p < 0.05). Levels of sHLA-G1 in maternal serum declined toward term, but the difference from the second trimester was not statistically significant (0.266 \u00b1 0.157 vs. 0.205 \u00b1 0.120 OD units; p = 0.193). There was a strong correlation of sHLA-G1 concentrations between cord serum and maternal serum (R<sup>2<\/sup> = 0.79; p < 0.001), but not between cord serum and amniotic fluid (R<sup>2<\/sup> = 0.00004) or amniotic fluid and maternal serum (R<sup>2<\/sup> = 0.02). <i>Conclusions:<\/i> sHLA-G1 antigen expression is higher in amniotic fluid than in maternal-fetal compartments and significantly decreases toward term. We speculate that the declining amniotic fluid sHLA-G1 levels may stimulate a maternal immunological response against the fetus and contribute to the initiation of parturition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000078992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,12]],"date-time":"2004-08-12T13:02:27Z","timestamp":1092315747000},"page":"404-409","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["HLA-G Antigen and Parturition: Maternal Serum, Fetal Serum and Amniotic Fluid Levels during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rinat","family":"Hackmon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mordechai","family":"Hallak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margalit","family":"Krup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dahlia","family":"Weitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Sheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yacob","family":"Weinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.2.289"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(00)01707-2"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1994.1125"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.1.161"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(90)90076-2"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.1999.530101.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.106762"}],"container-title":["Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/78992","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/78992","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:19:54Z","timestamp":1745464794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000078992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000078992","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-3837","1421-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-3837","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}}}