{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:05:07Z","timestamp":1790384707160,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Interleukin-15 (IL-15), which shares many functional activities of IL-2, is proposed as a potential modulator of T and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. Since IL-15 gene is expressed in various cell types including epithelial cells, we examined how proinflammatory modulators affect IL-15 gene expression in both freshly isolated human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; HBECs were obtained from 25 patients with primary lung cancer by bronchial brushing under bronchofiberscopy. The expressions of IL-15 and its receptor were examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Northern blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; IL-15 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the cells and was upregulated by several proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1\u03b2, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3) and lipopolysaccharide. In addition, IFN-\u03b3 but not other cytokines induced the synthesis and secretion of IL-15 protein. Investigation of IL-15 receptor expression using RT-PCR showed that IL-15R\u03b1 and IL-2R\u03b2 chains but not IL-2R\u03b1 or \u03b3 chain were constitutively expressed in these cells. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; Bronchial epithelial cells may contribute to T and NK cell-mediated airway inflammation through IL-15 production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000081309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]],"date-time":"2004-10-11T06:36:52Z","timestamp":1097476612000},"page":"235-242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Synthesis and Secretion of Interleukin-15 by Freshly Isolated Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Okano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Yoneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohisa","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akemi","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Yanagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saburo","family":"Sone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fjcp.1041490212"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI116004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI119341"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.8178155"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.91.11.4940"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.181.3.1255"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.1988.tb00903.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1097-0142%2819901001%2966%3A7%3C1499%3A%3AAID-CNCR2820660711%3E3.0.CO%3B2-G"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02631078"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109%2F02713689609017629"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0016-5085%2896%2970036-7"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.2814487"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0006-291X%2888%2980379-6"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnm0296-175"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1074-7613%2800%2980246-0"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI118557"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.93.7.2897"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2249.1997.4861382.x"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmai.2001.119556"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.94.26.14444"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/81309","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/81309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:43:28Z","timestamp":1745466208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000081309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000081309","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}}}