{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:08:39Z","timestamp":1787314119058,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic cutaneous disease affecting photoexposed areas and has also been associated with cigarette smoking. &lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; To evaluate the association between smoking and DLE. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; A case-control study was performed involving 57 cases diagnosed with DLE and 215 healthy controls. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; A higher smoking prevalence was noted in DLE cases (84.2%) than controls (33.5%), and the odds ratio adjusted for gender, age and ultraviolet index in the city of origin was 14.4 (95% confidence interval 6.2\u201333.8; multiple logistic regression, p &lt; 0.01). The cumulative smoking exposure was not related to premature DLE development. At the beginning of the disease, smokers had more extensive involvement than nonsmokers; compromise of the upper arms was statistically related to smoking. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; Cigarette smoking was statistically associated with DLE development. Other studies are needed in order to evaluate the effects of smoking cessation on the course of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000086440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]],"date-time":"2005-08-05T12:17:04Z","timestamp":1123244224000},"page":"118-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Association between Discoid Lupus erythematosus and Cigarette Smoking"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9lio Amante","family":"Miot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciane Donida","family":"Bartoli Miot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Roncada","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fije%2F29.2.266"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0190-9622%2896%2990003-1"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.1780251101"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001%2Farchderm.136.12.1497"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2133.1990.tb06258.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-4362.1995.tb03614.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.20049"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0738-081X%2898%2900044-3"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0300-483X%2802%2900386-4"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000068894"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0190-9622%2800%2990290-1"}],"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/86440","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/86440","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:12:14Z","timestamp":1745464334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000086440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000086440","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}}}