{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:15:49Z","timestamp":1765545349033,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Chronic infections and associated inflammatory markers are suggested risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 is suggested to play a role in the regulation of local inflammatory responses in both CVD and periodontitis. The leukotoxin from the periodontal pathogen &lt;i&gt;Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; has recently been shown to cause abundant secretion of IL-1\u03b2 from macrophages. The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of systemic antibodies to &lt;i&gt;A. actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; leukotoxin in stroke cases (n = 273) and matched controls (n = 546) in an incident case-control study nested within the Northern Sweden MONICA and V\u00e4sterbotten Intervention cohorts. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Antibodies to &lt;i&gt;A. actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; leukotoxin were analyzed in a bioassay with HL-60 cells (leukocytes), purified &lt;i&gt;A. actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; leukotoxin, and plasma. Plasma samples which inhibited lactate dehydrogenase release from leukotoxin-lysed cells by \u226750% were classified as antibody positive. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; Antibodies to &lt;i&gt;A. actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; leukotoxin were detected in 18.8% of the women and 15.2% of the men. Women with those antibodies had a significantly decreased risk for stroke (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13\u20130.59), but not men (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.52\u20131.51). &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; The immunoreactivity to &lt;i&gt;A. actinomycetemco&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;mitans&lt;\/i&gt; leukotoxin correlates negatively with a future stroke in woman, but not in men. Further studies are needed to explain the underlying mechanisms, as well as the biological relevance of this finding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000087703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,24]],"date-time":"2005-08-24T09:55:16Z","timestamp":1124877316000},"page":"226-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Systemic Antibodies to the Leukotoxin of the Oral Pathogen &lt;i&gt;Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans&lt;\/i&gt; Correlate Negatively with Stroke in Women"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Johansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.-M.","family":"\u00c5hr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hallmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Stegmayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.STR.0000089015.51603.CC"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00004647-200212000-00001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2796.2002.01019.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-8703%2899%2970266-8"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F514570"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902%2Fannals.2003.8.1.38"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0025-7125%2805%2970210-8"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.CIR.0000021125.83697.21"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1601-0825.9.s1.2.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-8703%2899%2970293-0"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.micro.57.030502.090908"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0966-842X%2899%2901530-9"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0765.2000.035002085.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FIAI.72.1.269-276.2004"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FIAI.71.8.4448-4455.2003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FIAI.73.1.453-458.2005"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F00220345010800020101"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902%2Fjop.2000.71.10.1554"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FJCM.42.3.1313-1315.2004"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0895-4356%2888%2990084-4"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F14034950310001432"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F14034950310001441"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000110933"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.272.48.30463"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1399-302x.2000.150402.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.STR.0000136767.71518.36"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FIAI.69.11.6612-6617.2001"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.ehj.2003.09.016"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F154405910408300213"}],"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/87703","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/87703","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:23:54Z","timestamp":1745465034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000087703"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000087703","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9770","1421-9786"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1015-9770"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9786"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}}}