{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:16:20Z","timestamp":1781644580201,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is well known that speech errors in normal and aphasic speakers share cer-tain key characteristics. Traditionally, many of these errors are regarded as serial misorderings of abstract phonological segments, which maintain the phonetic well-formedness of the utterance. The current paper brings together the results of several articulatory studies undertaken independently for both subject popula-tions. These show that, in an error, instead of one segment substituting for another, two segments are often produced simultaneously even though only one segment may be heard. Such data pose problems for current models of speech production by suggesting that the commonly assumed dichotomous distinction between phonological and phonetic errors may not be tenable in the current form or may even be altogether redundant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000090100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,7]],"date-time":"2006-02-07T10:08:18Z","timestamp":1139306898000},"page":"227-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A Re-Evaluation of the Nature of Speech Errors in Normal and Disordered Speakers"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Pouplier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Hardcastle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1_131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026992000298878"},{"key":"p_2_132","unstructured":"Berg, T.: A cross-linguistic comparison of slips of the tongue (Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington 1987)."},{"key":"p_3_133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2004.12.003"},{"key":"p_4_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blumstein, S.: A phonological investigation of aphasic speech (Mouton, The Hague 1973).","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110887433"},{"key":"p_5_135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(80)90137-6"},{"key":"p_6_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(19)30264-5","volume":"22","author":"Boucher V.J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Phonet."},{"key":"p_7_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952675700000658","volume":"3","author":"Browman C.P.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phonol. Yearb."},{"key":"p_8_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952675700001019","volume":"6","author":"Browman C.P.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Phonology"},{"key":"p_9_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(19)30382-1","volume":"18","author":"Browman C.P.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Phonet."},{"key":"p_10_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400000849","volume":"1","author":"Buckingham H.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Appl. Psycholinguist."},{"key":"p_11_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3109\/02699208708985007","volume":"1","author":"Buckingham H.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. Linguist. Phonet."},{"key":"p_12_142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90045-J"},{"key":"p_13_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butterworth, B.; Whittaker, S.: Peggy Babcock's relatives; in Stelmach, Requin, Tutorials in motor behavior, pp. 647-656 (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1980).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)61976-7"},{"key":"p_14_144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.1996.0012"},{"key":"p_15_145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(85)90131-2"},{"key":"p_16_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cutler, A.: Syllable omission errors and isochrony; in Dechert, Raupach, Temporal variables in speech. Studies in honour of Frieda Goldman-Eisler (Mouton, The Hague 1980).","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110816570.183"},{"key":"p_17_147","first-page":"561","volume":"19","author":"Cutler A.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Linguistics"},{"key":"p_18_148","unstructured":"Dallas, J.: EPG study of misdirected articulatory gestures in the connected speech of adults with acquired aphasia; unpublished BSc Honors diss. Edinburgh (2005)."},{"key":"p_19_149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.93.3.283"},{"key":"p_20_150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.104.1.123"},{"key":"p_21_151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0364-0213(93)90010-6"},{"key":"p_22_152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.104.4.801"},{"key":"p_23_153","unstructured":"Dorner, K.; Moriz, M.: Die lautlich-klangliche Struktur der Ausserungen bei flussiger Aphasie; unpublished PhD diss. Freiburg (1997)."},{"key":"p_24_154","unstructured":"Fowler, C.; Rubin, P.; Remez, R.E.; Turvey, M.T.: Implications for speech production of a general theory of action; in Butterworth, Language production. Volume 1. Speech and talk, pp. 373-420 (Academic Press, London 1980)."},{"key":"p_25_155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.2002.0176"},{"key":"p_26_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2307\/412187","volume":"47","author":"Fromkin V.A.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Language"},{"key":"p_27_157","unstructured":"Fromkin, V.A.: Speech errors as linguistic evidence (Mouton, The Hague 1973)."},{"key":"p_28_158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014942312445"},{"key":"p_29_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garnham, A.; Shillock, R.C.; Brown, G.D.A.; Mill, A.I.D.; Cutler, A.: Slips of the tongue in the London-Lund corpus of spontaneous conversation. Linguistics. (special issue) 19: 805-817 (1981).","DOI":"10.1515\/ling.1981.19.7-8.805"},{"key":"p_30_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garrett, M.F.: The analysis of sentence production; in Bower, The psychology of learning and motivation. Advances in research and theory, pp. 133-177 (Academic Press, New York 1975).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(08)60270-4"},{"key":"p_31_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garrett, M.F.: The organization of processing structure for language production: applications to aphasic speech; in Caplan, Lecours, Smith, Biological perspectives on language, pp. 172-193 (MIT Press, Cambridge 1984).","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1615.003.0016"},{"key":"p_32_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/88.3.585","volume":"88","author":"Geschwind N.","year":"1965","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"p_33_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3109\/13682829009011981","volume":"25","author":"Gibbon F.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br. J. Commun. Disord."},{"key":"p_34_164","unstructured":"Goldrick, M.: Patterns in sound, patterns in mind: phonological regularities in speech production (Johns Hopkins, Baltimore 2002)."},{"key":"p_37_165","unstructured":"Goldstein, L.; Pouplier, M.; Chen, L.; Saltzman, E.; Byrd, D.: Gestural action units slip in speech production errors. Manuscript (2004)."},{"key":"p_38_166","unstructured":"Guest, D.J.: Phonetic features in language production: an experimental examination of phonetic feature errors; PhD diss. Urbana-Campaign, Ill. (2001)."},{"key":"p_39_167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(95)00235-9"},{"key":"p_40_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/13682828509012266","volume":"20","author":"Hardcastle W.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brit. J. Disord. Commun."},{"key":"p_41_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardcastle, W.; Edwards, S.: EPG-based descriptions of aphasic speech errors; in Kent, Intelligibility in speech disorders: theory, measurement, and management, pp. 287-328 (Benjamins, Philadelphia 1992).","DOI":"10.1075\/sspcl.1.09har"},{"key":"p_42_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardcastle, W.; Gibbon, F.: Electropalatography and its clinical applications; in Ball, Code, Instrumental clinical phonetics, pp. 149-193 (Whurr, London 1997).","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470699119.ch6"},{"key":"p_43_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hockett, C.F.: Where the tongue slips, there slip I; in Fromkin, Speech errors as linguistic evidence, pp. 93-119. (Mouton, The Hague 1973).","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110888423.93"},{"key":"p_44_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3109\/13682829509082535","volume":"30","author":"Howard S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Disord. Commun."},{"key":"p_45_173","first-page":"110","volume":"1990","author":"Ingram J.","journal-title":"Canberra"},{"key":"p_46_174","unstructured":"Itoh, M.; Sasanuma, S.: Articulatory movements in apraxia of speech; in Rosenbek, McNeil, Aronson, Apraxia of speech: physiology, acoustics, linguistics, management, pp. 135-166 (College-Hill Press, San Diego 1984)."},{"key":"p_47_175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.2000.0118"},{"key":"p_48_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(19)30608-4","volume":"14","author":"Kelso J.A.S.","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Phonet."},{"key":"p_49_177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0269920031000086248"},{"key":"p_50_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2602.231","volume":"26","author":"Kent R.D.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Speech Hear. Res."},{"key":"p_51_179","unstructured":"Kent, R.D.; Tjaden, K.: Brain functions underlying speech; in Hardcastle, Laver, Handbook of phonetic sciences, pp. 220-255 (Blackwell, Oxford 1997)."},{"key":"p_52_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laver, J.: Slips of the tongue as neuromuscular evidence for a model of speech production; in Raupach, Temporal variables in speech. Studies in honour of Frieda Goldman-Eisler, pp. 21-26 (Mouton, The Hague 1979).","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110816570.21"},{"key":"p_53_181","unstructured":"Laver, J.: Monitoring systems in the neurolinguistic control of speech production; in Fromkin, Errors in linguistic performance. Slips of the tongue, ear, pen, and hand, pp. 287-305 (Academic Press, New York 1980)."},{"key":"p_54_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(69)80031-6","volume":"5","author":"Lecours A.R.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"p_55_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levelt, W.: Speaking. From intention to articulation (MIT Press, Cambridge 1989).","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6393.001.0001"},{"key":"p_56_184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99001776"},{"key":"p_57_185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(70)90078-3"},{"key":"p_58_186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(92)90043-H"},{"key":"p_59_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3109\/13682829509021447","volume":"30","author":"Miller N.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Disord. Commun."},{"key":"p_60_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/01463377609369216","volume":"24","author":"Motley M.T.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Commun. Q."},{"key":"p_61_189","first-page":"1299","volume":"88","author":"Mowrey R.A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Soc. Am."},{"key":"p_62_190","first-page":"2253","volume":"2003","author":"Nam H.","journal-title":"Barcelona"},{"key":"p_63_191","unstructured":"Nooteboom, S.: The tongue slips into patterns. Nomen: Leyden studies in linguistics and phonetics, pp. 114-132 (Mouton, The Hague 1969)."},{"key":"p_64_192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.21.5.1117"},{"key":"p_65_193","first-page":"2245","volume":"2003","author":"Pouplier M.","journal-title":"Barcelona"},{"key":"p_66_194","unstructured":"Pouplier, M.: SLIPs of the tongue: an articulatory study. Manuscript (2004)."},{"key":"p_67_195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wocn.2004.04.001"},{"key":"p_68_196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3841(75)90061-3"},{"key":"p_69_197","unstructured":"Rochette, C.E.: Groupe de consonnes en francais: etude de l'enchainement articulatoire a l'aide de la radiocine- matographie et de l'oscillographie (Presses de l'Universite Laval, Quebec 1973)."},{"key":"p_70_198","unstructured":"Rosenbek, J.C.; McNeil, M.R.; Aronson, A.E.: Apraxia of speech: physiology, acoustics, linguistics, management (College-Hill Press, San Diego 1984)."},{"key":"p_71_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0104_2","volume":"1","author":"Saltzman E.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ecol. Psychol."},{"key":"p_72_200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1994.1042"},{"key":"p_73_201","unstructured":"Scobbie, J.; Gibbon, F.; Hardcastle, W.; Fletcher, P.: Covert contrast as a stage in the acquisition of phonetics and phonology; in Pierrehumbert, Papers in laboratory phonology V: language acquisition and the lexicon, pp. 194-207 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2000)."},{"key":"p_74_202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)90067-1"},{"key":"p_75_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shattuck-Hufnagel, S.: Sublexical units and suprasegmental structure in speech production planning; in MacNeilage, The production of speech, pp. 109-136 (Springer, New York 1983).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8202-7_6"},{"key":"p_76_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3109\/02699209708985190","volume":"11","author":"Southwood M.H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Linguist. Phonet."},{"key":"p_77_205","unstructured":"Stemberger, J.: Speech errors and theoretical phonology: a review (Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington 1983)."},{"key":"p_78_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1353\/lan.1984.0046","volume":"60","author":"Stemberger J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Language"},{"key":"p_79_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stemberger, J.: The reliability and replicability of naturalistic speech error data. A comparison with experimentally induced errors; in Baars, Experimental slips and human error: exploring the architecture of volition, pp. 195-215 (Plenum Press, New York 1992).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1164-3_8"},{"key":"p_80_208","unstructured":"Stetson, R.H.: Motor phonetics: a study of speech movements in action (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1951)."},{"key":"p_81_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1293-102","volume":"269","author":"Strogatz S.H.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"p_82_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/110.5.1393","volume":"110","author":"Sugishita M.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"p_83_211","unstructured":"Talo, E.S.: Slips of the tongue in normal and pathological speech; in Fromkin, Errors in linguistic performance: slips of the tongue, ear, pen, and hand, pp. 81-86 (Academic Press, New York 1980)."},{"key":"p_84_212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1995.1004"},{"key":"p_85_213","first-page":"35","volume":"24","author":"Wambaugh J.L.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Aphasiol."},{"key":"p_86_214","first-page":"125","volume":"1981","author":"Washino K.","journal-title":"Tokyo"},{"key":"p_87_215","unstructured":"Weismer, G.: Motor speech disorders; in Hardcastle, Laver, Handbook of phonetic sciences, pp. 191-219 (Blackwell, Oxford 1997)."},{"key":"p_88_216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(95)80039-5"},{"key":"p_89_217","first-page":"9","volume":"26","author":"Wells R.","year":"1951","journal-title":"Yale Sci. Mag."},{"key":"p_90_218","unstructured":"Wertz, R.T.; LaPointe, L.L.; Rosenbek, J.C.: Apraxia of speech in adults: the disorder and its management (Gruner and Stratton, Orlando 1984)."},{"key":"p_91_219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmla.1995.1014"},{"key":"p_92_220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(98)00045-6"},{"key":"p_93_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/00238309990420010301","volume":"42","author":"Wilshire C.E.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lang. Speech"},{"key":"p_94_222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687040143000528"},{"key":"p_95_223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026432996381782"},{"key":"p_96_224","unstructured":"Wood, S.: Electropalatographic study of speech sound errors in adults with acquired aphasia; unpublished PhD diss. Edinburgh (1997)."},{"key":"p_97_225","unstructured":"Wood, S.; Hardcastle, W.: Instrumentation in the assessment and therapy of motor speech disorders: a survey of techniques and case studies with EPG; in Papathanasiou, Acquired neurogenic communication disorders: a clinical perspective, pp. 203-248 (Whurr, London 2000)."}],"container-title":["Phonetica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000090100\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000090100\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T16:59:20Z","timestamp":1736269160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000090100\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1159\/000090100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000090100","relation":{},"ISSN":["1423-0321","0031-8388"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1423-0321","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-8388","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]}}}