{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:26:39Z","timestamp":1759940799987,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Princ Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> To study the clinical and neurophysiological pattern of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) in Kuwait. <i>Materials and Methods:<\/i> The clinical records of consecutive GBS patients admitted to Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait, during a 7-year period between 1997 and 2003 were analyzed. <i>Results:<\/i> Of the 41 cases, 77% were male. The majority of the cases presented during the winter months and a preceding infection was reported in two thirds of them. Proximal lower limb (LL) weakness was the predominant clinical presentation. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) demonstrated a demyelinating pattern in 70%, an axonal pattern in 15%, mixed type in 5% and no abnormality in the remaining 5%. The majority of the patients (73%) improved with one course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IV IG). Mean recovery time (MRT) was 4.4 weeks. Delayed recovery (MRT \u22676 weeks) was noted in patients with predominant distal weakness in the LL (MRT 7.8 weeks; p = 0.001), proximal weakness in the upper limb (UL) (MRT 6 weeks; p = 0.005), autonomic disturbance (MRT 6.5 weeks; p = 0.05), and axonal type GBS (MRT 6 weeks; p = 0.001). <i>Conclusion:<\/i> The presence of predominant distal weakness in LL, proximal weakness in UL, autonomic disturbance and axonal pattern in NCS predict a poor outcome. Hence we recommend early immunomodulatory therapy in patients presenting with these features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000090916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,15]],"date-time":"2006-02-15T11:37:29Z","timestamp":1140003449000},"page":"120-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical and Neurophysiological Pattern of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome in Kuwait"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Venkatesan","family":"Nagarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmahan","family":"Al-Shubaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F088307380001500308"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410270705"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410270707"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310%2F7010.2001.17076"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fmus.880120602"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fbrain%2F119.6.2053"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjcp.54.5.381"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02444006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fpmj.76.902.774"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F088307389801301004"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0404.1994.tb01682.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410330402"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjnnp.63.4.494"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199204233261706"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjnnp.70.4.560"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055%2Fs-2008-1040861"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F08830738030180110501"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjnnp.52.7.853"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2896%2909095-2"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410270706"}],"container-title":["Medical Principles and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/90916","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/90916","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:49:18Z","timestamp":1745462958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000090916"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000090916","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1011-7571"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0151"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}