{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:40:11Z","timestamp":1761662411283,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; The balance of CD28\/CTLA4-derived signals and Fas-dependent apoptosis activity is determined by the peripheral defense mechanisms and might play a role in the pathogenesis of allergy. &lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt; The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of costimulatory and pro- and antiapoptotic molecules in adenoid T cells of children suffering from allergic rhinitis and to find out which of these molecules have a predictive value in the development of allergic rhinitis. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; The adenoids of 60 children, removed because of nasal obstruction, chronic rhinitis and recurrent respiratory infection, were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1, suffering from chronic allergic rhinitis, and group 2, suffering from chronic rhinitis, where no specific IgE was detected, including children with a positive family history of allergy (group 2a) and children with neither a personal nor a family history of allergy (group 2b). For immunohistochemical stainings anti-CD3, anti-CD19, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD25, anti-CD28, anti-CTLA4 (CD152), anti-bcl-2, anti-Fas, and anti-FasL antibodies were used. The number of cells expressing these molecules was identified in adenoid interfollicular spaces. The results were then analyzed in allergic and nonallergic children. During a 24-month follow-up children were re-examined for allergy and results were compared to previous immunohistochemical evaluations. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; The expression of CD4, CD25, CD28, FasL, and CTLA4 was significantly increased in group 1 compared to group 2 (p &lt; 0.05). However, the discriminant analysis confirmed that only CTLA4 and FasL expression fully discriminated allergic subjects from the others. During a 24-month period of observation 8 children from group 2a were also diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. All of them, especially those sensitized to mites, had an increased number of FasL+ and CTLA4+ in previously removed adenoids. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; An increased number of cells with intracellular expression of FasL and CTLA4, in interfollicular spaces of adenoids, seems to be a predictive factor of the development of allergic rhinitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000093247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,26]],"date-time":"2006-05-26T13:49:21Z","timestamp":1148651361000},"page":"223-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Expression of Fas Ligand and CTLA4 in Adenoids Has a Predictive Value for Allergic Rhinitis Development in Children"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Zakrzewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Gryczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zef","family":"Kobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"G\u00f3rski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-3083.2002.01134.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109%2F00016489609137876"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmai.2001.116119"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0952-7915%2899%2980047-8"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.281.5381.1305"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1020598632068"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1398-9995.1999.00033.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2222.1998.00209.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1398-9995.2000.00526.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmai.2001.118891"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00006454-200005001-00002"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000024354"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-065X.2003.00009.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2004.01776.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2004.01862.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmai.2002.128723"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2004.05.052"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-3083.2001.00985.x"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.183.6.2533"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.20030303"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fcimm.2000.1649"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2004.03.050"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnature01621"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.immunol.19.1.225"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981874-7"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1699-0463.1999.tb01504.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291096-9896%28199709%29183%3A1%3C75%3A%3AAID-PATH1084%3E3.0.CO%3B2-4"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fpupt.2001.0294"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1472-9725.2003.00055.x"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/93247","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/93247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:10:58Z","timestamp":1745464258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000093247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000093247","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-2438"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0097"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}