{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:09:22Z","timestamp":1745554162134,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background\/Aims:&lt;\/i&gt; Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common primary immunodeficiency. With respect to underlying defects it comprises a heterogeneous group of deficiencies. For some patients, distinct phenotypical abnormalities have been described, e.g. partial CD40L deficiency or complete ICOS deficiency. For the diagnosis of CD40L deficiency, a rapid whole blood flow cytometric method has been described several years ago. We aimed to determine if the same method can be used to diagnose ICOS deficiency. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Whole blood from 8 healthy volunteers was stimulated for 4 and 20 h with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Induction of ICOS expression was analyzed on CD8\u2013CD3+ lymphocytes using three-color flow cytometry. Blood from a patient with diagnosed ICOS deficiency was also analyzed. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; Whole-blood stimulation with PMA and ionomycin for 20 h resulted in a significant induction of ICOS expression on CD8\u2013CD3+ lymphocytes in healthy volunteers. Four-hour incubation also demonstrated ICOS upregulation but to a much lower extent. In CD8\u2013CD3+ lymphocytes from an ICOS-deficient patient, no ICOS expression could be induced following 20 h of stimulation. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; ICOS expression can be analyzed using a rapid whole blood flow cytometric test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000093770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,2]],"date-time":"2006-06-02T11:17:15Z","timestamp":1149247035000},"page":"342-344","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Rapid Whole Blood Flow Cytometric Test to Detect ICOS Deficiency in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Bunk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Dittrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilka","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Schmolke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Dieter","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Wahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Conny","family":"H\u00f6flich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF00916891"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fclin.1997.4422"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.91.3.1099"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fni902"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.clim.2004.07.002"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.178.4.1209"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/93770","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/93770","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:14:57Z","timestamp":1745464497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000093770"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000093770","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-2438"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0097"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}