{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:51:09Z","timestamp":1787017869715,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]],"date-time":"2006-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]],"date-time":"2006-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nocardiosis is a rare and potentially life-threatening infection caused by several species of the &lt;i&gt;Nocardia&lt;\/i&gt; genus. Most cases occur in immunocompromised patients, and a delay in establishing the diagnosis is common due to the non-specific clinical presentations and the difficulty in cultivating &lt;i&gt;Nocardia.&lt;\/i&gt; Although the majority of pulmonary nocardiosis cases are caused by &lt;i&gt;Nocardia asteroides,&lt;\/i&gt; cases of human infection due to &lt;i&gt;N. farcinica&lt;\/i&gt; are increasingly diagnosed due to recent developments in taxonomy and diagnostic methods. &lt;i&gt;N. farcinica&lt;\/i&gt; is a separate species from &lt;i&gt;N. asteroides&lt;\/i&gt; and appears to be more virulent and resistant to antibiotics. Herein, we describe the case of a 65-year-old HIV-negative immunocompromised patient with a fulminant bilateral pulmonary nocardiosis while on empirical treatment with trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole and imipenem. Post-mortem diagnosis of &lt;i&gt;N. farcinica&lt;\/i&gt; infection was performed by means of DNA amplification and sequencing of the 65-kDa bacterial heat shock protein.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000094390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,3]],"date-time":"2006-07-03T21:09:10Z","timestamp":1151960950000},"page":"461-465","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molecular Diagnosis of Fatal &lt;i&gt;Nocardia farcinica&lt;\/i&gt; Pneumonia in an HIV-Negative Patient"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Bocchino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Paglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almerico","family":"Marruchella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Contini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Festa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Saltini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183%2F09031936.97.10071542"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00005792-199807000-00004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000029264"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000050531"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00005792-200209000-00004"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs100960050460"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FJCM.40.3.1098-1099.2002"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs10096-001-0633-9"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.52.5.492"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F314450"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00005792-198901000-00003"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FJCM.43.4.1921-1924.2005"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FJCM.43.6.2624-2628.2005"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099%2F00222615-47-1-85"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1020010826300"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0378-1119%2892%2990560-C"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FB%3AEJEP.0000024706.02325.c0"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00005792-197409000-00005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FJCM.42.2.578-584.2004"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.diagmicrobio.2004.06.009"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/94390","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/94390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T22:31:19Z","timestamp":1745447479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000094390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000094390","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]]}}}