{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:43:36Z","timestamp":1791283416136,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychother Psychosom"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; In open and randomized controlled trials self-exposure therapy reduced the frequency of nightmares but follow-up ceased at 7 months post-entry. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;\/i&gt; Ten adults who attended an outpatient clinic and had DSM-IV nightmare disorder were put on a 3-month waiting-list. After 3 months they were given a self-exposure manual and were asked to follow its instructions for 4 weeks and were then followed up for 4 years. They were rated at 0, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 16, 28 and 52 months. At month 0 only, a matched control group of 10 subjects from the same clinic who had no axis I or II disorder was also rated. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; At month 0, the nightmare sufferers had more nightmares, anxiety, depression, hostility and somatic symptoms than the matched control group. All 10 nightmare sufferers completed the 3-month waiting-list, 4-week self-exposure therapy and 4-year follow-up without any dropouts. The recurrent nightmares and most associated symptoms did not improve while on the waiting-list but improved markedly after self-exposure therapy and remained improved over the 4-year follow-up. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; Adults\u2019 recurrent nightmares and associated symptoms failed to improve over a 3-month waiting-list period but reduced greatly after subsequent self-exposure therapy with minimal therapist contact over 1 month, and these gains continued over the next 4 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000095445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,19]],"date-time":"2006-10-19T02:30:39Z","timestamp":1161225039000},"page":"384-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Self-Exposure Treatment of Recurrent Nightmares: Waiting-List-Controlled Trial and 4-Year Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Silvana","family":"Grandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naike","family":"Panattoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Gonnella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1009468517557"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192%2Fbjp.172.3.257"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0005-7916%2878%2990054-X"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0005-7967%2895%2900009-M"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192%2Fbjp.133.5.461"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037%2Fh0020109"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192%2Fbjp.184.5.448"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017%2FS003329170300878X"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000084000"}],"container-title":["Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/95445","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/95445","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T22:41:29Z","timestamp":1745448089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000095445"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000095445","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3190","1423-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0348","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}