{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:19:58Z","timestamp":1760188798161,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Caries Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Evidence on the caries-preventive effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) among high-risk children is inconclusive, possibly because obscured by fluoride exposure. We investigated the effect of CHX among initially 3-year-old subjects whose baseline d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft was = 0 and whose only regular fluoride exposure came from toothpaste. The subjects were assigned to three groups: high-risk test (HRT, n = 70), high-risk control (HRC, n = 71), and low-risk control (LRC, n = 70). Risk classification was based on salivary mutans streptococcal levels (MS, &lt;\/\u22671.0 \u00d7 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;\/sup&gt; cfu\/ml). Basic measures (oral hygiene, dietary counselling every 4 months) were given to all groups. HRT also underwent CHX gel applications for 3 consecutive days at 3-month intervals for 15 months. Eighteen months after baseline d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft increments and proportions of children with d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft increment \u22671 (%d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft increment \u22671) among all groups were assessed. Anti-MS effect on high-risk children and caries-preventive effect on all children were statistically analysed by residual change analysis (MS), non-parametric tests and logistic regression analysis (caries). No differences were found between the groups in basic programme compliance. CHX significantly reduced MS levels. %d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft increment \u22671 and mean d&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;ft increments were 34.3%, 0.56 (HRT), 32.4%, 0.54 (HRC) and 11.4%, 0.11 (LRC), with HRT\/HRC values statistically significantly higher than LRC values and no significant difference between HRT and HRC. HRT children were not less likely to show new lesions than HRC children (OR = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.54\u20132.19), while high-risk children were 4 times more likely to show new lesions than low-risk children (OR = 3.71; 95% confidence interval 1.53\u20139.03). CHX gel applications showed moderate anti-MS effect but negligible caries-preventive effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000095651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]],"date-time":"2006-10-20T12:01:25Z","timestamp":1161345685000},"page":"514-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Caries-Preventive Effect of Chlorhexidine Gel Applications among High-Risk Children"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Petti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Hausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000065961"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2003.00034.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2002.00061.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2001.290601.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1601-0825.9.s1.5.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F154411130301400203"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0003-9969%2894%2900164-7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000063922"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000066536"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.bdj.4800090a"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1752-7325.2004.tb02774.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000016619"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0003-9969%2873%2990109-X"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000070442"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2000.280104.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0300-5712%2800%2900060-9"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1752-7325.2000.tb03330.x"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000261298"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2004.00153.x"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1601-0825.9.s1.4.x"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000077756"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000077752"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-051x.2002.290101.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.toxlet.2004.02.013"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067%2Fmod.2001.114644"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.0909-8836.1998.eos106203.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000016531"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0765.2004.00759.x"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F00220345860650060901"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000016600"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109%2F00016356408993968"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2000.028006419.x"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000077758"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F000163599428670"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jclinepi.2003.07.009"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F00220345960750020901"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F00220345010800051001"}],"container-title":["Caries Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/95651","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/95651","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:44:11Z","timestamp":1745462651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000095651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000095651","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6568","1421-976X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0008-6568"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-976X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006]]}}}