{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:11:35Z","timestamp":1792084295244,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We studied the effect of injecting botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) into the pars ciliaris \u2013 also known as Riolan\u2019s muscle \u2013 of patients with eyelid apraxia (ELA). Six patients with ELA were treated with injections of BTX-A into the region of Riolan\u2019s muscle at the medial and lateral portions of the upper and lower pretarsal orbicularis oculi. Clinical benefit was seen in all 6 patients, 2 of whom had previously been treated with conventional pretarsal injections of BTX-A and had not improved. BTX-A injections into Riolan\u2019s muscle are effective as treatment for ELA. The proposed mechanism is not that of muscle relaxation but rather modulation of the somatosensory cortex, similar to that of a \u2018sensory trick\u2019 in patients with dystonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000104713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,4]],"date-time":"2007-07-04T14:10:31Z","timestamp":1183558231000},"page":"138-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Botulinum Toxin Injection into Riolan\u2019s Muscle: Somatosensory \u2018Trick\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Ken","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FPL00007849"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fmds.870090605"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2800%2902851-8"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fmds.870100407"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjnnp.55.5.369"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fmds.870010103"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410380203"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00001756-200502080-00015"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1388-2457%2802%2900162-1"}],"container-title":["European Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/104713","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/104713","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:57:41Z","timestamp":1745463461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000104713"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000104713","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-3022","1421-9913"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-3022","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9913","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}}}