{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:46:27Z","timestamp":1792118787945,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) remains a life-threatening condition despite systemic antifungal therapy. &lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt; This retrospective analysis investigated whether additional bronchoscopic instillation of amphotericin B (amB) would improve efficacy of antifungal treatment in patients with haematological malignancies suffering from IPA. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Twenty patients (40.6 \u00b1 14.2 years, 14 male) with preceding chemotherapy, bone marrow or stem cell transplantation complicated by severe IPA who did not respond sufficiently to systemic antifungal therapy were additionally treated by repeated bronchoscopic instillations of amB solution (91 instillations, on average 4.6 \u00b1 2.2 instillations per patient over a period of 24.1 \u00b1 21.0 days). Therapeutic response to this combined treatment regimen was monitored by chest X-ray and CT scan. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; The mean infiltration sizes during systemic antifungal therapy alone (mean duration 11.9 \u00b1 9.9 days) did not change significantly. However, after additional bronchoscopic instillation of amB solution infiltration sizes were reduced significantly (p &lt; 0.05). A total resolution of infiltrates was seen in 3 and a partial reduction in 13 of 20 patients. Mean duration of total antifungal treatment was 50.1 \u00b1 24.0 days. The mean follow-up period was 34.1 \u00b1 31.2 months. The IPA-related mortality rate was 18.8% (3 of 16 patients). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; Additional bronchoscopic instillation of amB may improve the efficacy of systemic antifungal therapy in patients with haematological malignancies complicated by severe IPA. Bronchoscopic instillation of amB should be considered as an additional treatment option in cases with IPA unresponsive to systemic therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000105385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T12:38:26Z","timestamp":1183725506000},"page":"663-673","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Treatment of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Neutropenic Patients by Additional Bronchoscopic Amphotericin B 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