{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T05:51:56Z","timestamp":1781934716339,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; The aim of this study was to determine whether intranasal administration of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) could relieve the typical symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) and alter substance P (SP)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive (IR) expression in nasal mucosa of AR animals sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; AR was induced by intraperitoneal injection of OVA followed by its repeated intranasal instillation in female Wistar rats. Some AR animals were intranasally treated with a cotton strip containing BTX-A (10 U per nostril) for 1 h. After BTX-A treatment, OVA was repeatedly instilled in AR and AR + BTX-A groups every 2 days for 10 days. Subsequently, nasal symptoms were evaluated, and nasal secretions collected. Finally, the nasal mucosae of all animals were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical assessment. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; BTX-A administration alleviated typical AR symptoms including rhinorrhea, nasal itching and sneezing, and subsequent intranasal repeated challenge with OVA did not trigger AR symptoms. After BTX-A treatment, inflammatory histological characteristics within the nasal mucosa of AR animals were absent, but atrophy of serous glands was observed. BTX-A decreased dense SP-IR and VIP-IR cells and fibers within and beneath the epithelium, around blood vessels and close to serous glands in AR animals. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt; Local BTX-A treatment is an effective method to reduce AR symptoms. BTX-A decreased the excessive SP-IR and VIP-IR expression induced by OVA. Therefore, BTX-A may affect the nasal mucosa via the suppression of neuropeptides, playing a major role in autonomous mucosal innervation in the pathophysiology of AR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000107422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,22]],"date-time":"2007-08-22T06:23:25Z","timestamp":1187763805000},"page":"78-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Botulinum Toxin Therapy in the Ovalbumin-Sensitized Rat"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wei-Dong","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ping","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183%2F09031936.99.13363399"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0091-6749%2892%2990121-H"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0091-6749%2892%2990155-U"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.1995.tb02509.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0034-5687%2800%2900210-3"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164%2Frccm.200212-1508OC"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199109193251206"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199104253241707"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2F365160a0"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2005.02362.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1526-4610.2006.00294.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2F364387a0"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1572-0241.2002.05741.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0021-5155%2899%2900197-5"}],"container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/107422","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/107422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:48:34Z","timestamp":1745462914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000107422"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000107422","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7401","1423-0216"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7401","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0216","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}}}